Web-based Three-dimensional Virtual Body Structures: W3D-VBS

Abstract

Major efforts are being made to improve the teaching of human anatomy to foster cognition of visuospatial relationships. The Visible Human Project of the National Library of Medicine makes it possible to create virtual reality-based applications for teaching anatomy. Integration of traditional cadaver and illustration-based methods with Internet-based simulations brings us closer to this goal. Web-based three-dimensional Virtual Body Structures (W3D-VBS) is a next-generation immersive anatomical training system for teaching human anatomy over the Internet. It uses Visible Human data to dynamically explore, select, extract, visualize, manipulate, and stereoscopically palpate realistic virtual body structures with a haptic device. Tracking user's progress through evaluation tools helps customize lesson plans. A self-guided "virtual tour" of the whole body allows investigation of labeled virtual dissections repetitively, at any time and place a user requires it.

Multilayer Image Grid Reconstruction Technology: Four-Dimensional Interactive Image Reconstruction of Microsurgical Neuroanatomic Dissections

“…Image manipulation techniques, such as advanced digital 3D image reconstruction and stereoscopic virtual reality computer technology, have helped create more life-like experiences for the study of anatomy and surgical training (5,(18)(19)(20)(27)(28)(29)(30). The application of QuickTime Virtual Reality to anatomic dissections and histology offers 3D environments, albeit with limited interactivity (15,22,31,33).…”

A high accuracy, landmark-based, sub-pixel level image registration method

“…In order to create these images the HR set was segmented [10]. The registered and segmented HR images have been integrated into our web-based system designed to teach anatomy over the internet [8,9].…”

“…Since the LR images are already registered this procedure registers individual HR images to each other. The registered HR images have been used to create three dimensional anatomical models using our web-based volumetric system [8,9]. Visual inspection of these 3D models confirmed correct appearance of major anatomical structures.…”

The Importance of Multimodality Pelvic Ultrasound Simulation in Teaching of Obstetrics and Gynecology Residents

“…Simulation provides a good baseline for incoming residents and can continually be measured for programs to determine where improvements in knowledge and technique need to be made. [4][5][6] In 2009, the American College of Graduate Medical Education (ACGME) established new work hour regulations limiting residents to an 80 hours work week and mandated 1 day off per every 7 days of the week over an average of a month. 7,8 Due to these decreased work hour regulations, there has been a great impact in the surgical residency programs to continue to teach the same amount of information and skills in a shorter period of time, while still graduating successful future physicians.…”