A. IntroductionCurrently, almost all levels of education, from Kindergarten to tertiary institutions, have started to carry out the face-to-face teaching and learning process (TLP) in schools. However, the teaching and learning process carried out still adheres to the Health protocol. In addition, TLP carried out in schools is still limited in terms of the number of students who enter the class and the time spent in TLP.Several researchers revealed that the online teaching and learning process carried out during the pandemic had an unfavorable effect on understanding the material being taught. The subject matter or teaching materials delivered online are difficult to understand (Firman & Rahman, 2020) so many students prefer to study face-to-face rather than study online (Kusnayat et al., 2020;Ronitua Gultom & Sitanggang, 2020). According to them, the material taught face-toface is more acceptable than online learning (Dzalila et al., 2020). Moreover, online learning does have many obstacles, both internal and external (Kartika et al., 2021