Weed Interference and Control in Cowpea Production: A Review

Osipitan, O. Adewale

doi:10.5539/jas.v9n12p11

Cited by 19 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…IWM provides diverse weed control tools that are feasible in a given socio-economic situation and implies them in a very precise manner both spatially and temporally. Hand weeding is the conventional method of weed control in cowpea in many parts of Africa (Osipitan, 2017). This weed control method is expensive, and labour is not usually available during the growing season due to workload (Lagoke et al, 1982).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Economics of Weed Management Methods as Influenced by Row-Spacing in Cowpea

Osipitan¹,

Yahaya²,

Adigun³

2018

JAS

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Weed management is an important factor that influences the economic importance of cowpea as a cheap source of food and income for many farmers. A study was conducted to evaluate economic benefits of weed management methods used singly or in an integrated approach, and to understand the influence of row-spacing on economic benefits of weed management methods. Total variable cost of cowpea cultivation was substantially influenced by cost of weed control. A single input of hand weeding resulted in higher cost of weed control than a single input of PRE-herbicide for weed control. Increase in weed control inputs or frequency did not guarantee an increase in economic benefits. For example, removing weeds three times with hand at 3, 6 and 9 weeks after planting (WAP) during the cowpea growing season did not necessarily result in the highest yield, but rather increased the variable cost of weed control. Integrating PRE-herbicide and hand weeding for weed management resulted in the highest yield and gross profit. The lowest cost of weed control provided by using PRE-herbicide gave the highest benefit-cost ratio. The differences in economic values of weed management methods were mostly not affected by cowpea row-spacing, but generally, economic benefits of management methods decreased with increase in row-spacing. Practically, this study suggests that minimizing the use of hand weeding by complementing with PRE-herbicide for weed management could help to optimize yield, and increase profitability, particularly under a narrow row-spacing in cowpea cultivation.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Economics of Weed Management Methods as Influenced by Row-Spacing in Cowpea

Osipitan¹,

Yahaya²,

Adigun³

2018

JAS

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“…Weeds are considered one of the most serious threats to cowpea cultivation, which causes up to 76 % yield loss. Leveraging advanced technologies such as CRISPR/Cas9, endeavours have been undertaken to create varieties exhibiting resistance to herbicide, insects and diseases, significant impediments to cowpea production (Osipitan, 2017).…”

Section: Challenges In Major Legumes and Minor Legumesmentioning

confidence: 99%

CRISPR/Cas Genome Editing in Legume Crops: Challenges and Opportunities: A Review

Sangari,

Chandar,

Mahalakshmi

et al. 2024

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Legumes are an important source of protein and provide a health-rich diet for human beings. It contains essential amino acids. It mainly plays a significant role in soil enrichment. Due to their role in agriculture and human nutrition, scientists have made efforts to develop new traits. The genetic enhancement of legumes was achieved using traditional breeding over the years however, the progress is very slow. Recent developments in genome editing technologies, specifically CRISPR-Cas technology, have improved key agricultural traits in legumes and offer a wealth of opportunities for studying traits like improved seed nutrient content, enhancing productivity and resilience to biotic and abiotic stresses recently introduced in legumes. So far, the genome editing technology has been effectively used in various legume crops, mainly soybean, peanut, cowpea and chickpea. Still, the transformation and regeneration of other legumes have remained a significant hurdle to the implementation of gene editing. This review mainly highlights the use of different gene editing technologies in legumes, progress and updates of CRISPR/Cas9 tools in legumes and challenges of legume crops face during production.

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“…Yield reductions resulting from weed infestation in cowpea cultivation can reach up to 76%, with variations dependent on the specific cowpea cultivar, prevailing environmental conditions, and weed control techniques employed [ 6 ]. Furthermore, the negative interference of factors such as competition and allelopathy reduces the number of pods per plant, seeds per pod, and grain mass in addition to increasing operational costs with grain harvest, drying, and processing [ 7 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Weed-Hoeing Periods in Cowpea Cultivation under Direct and Conventional Systems

Sousa

Fontes

Filho

et al. 2023

Plants

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Weed coexistence with an agricultural crop can negatively affect its growth, development, and yield. From this perspective, this study aimed to evaluate weed management strategies and their effect on the agronomic parameters of cowpea cultivation in direct (SPD) and conventional (SPC) planting systems. The experiment was set up in a completely randomized block design with a split-plot arrangement with four replications. The plots received a source of variation referring to the planting systems (direct and conventional planting), and the subplots corresponded to ten weed management strategies (manual hoeing 18 days after planting (DAP); at 36 DAP; at 54 DAP; at 18 and 36 DAP; at 18 and 54 DAP; at 18 and 72 DAP; at 36 and 54 DAP; at 36–72 DAP; at 18, 36, and 54 DAP; and a control with no hoeing). Density and dry mass evaluations of the cowpea plants were performed at harvest (72 DAP) by determining the number of pods per plant, pod length, number of grains per pod, 1000-grain mass, and yield. A total of 28 species distributed in 12 botanical families were identified in the two cultivation systems. The family Poaceae showed the highest frequency, with 25% of the species identified. At the end of the assay, treatment 20 had the highest positive influence and provided significant quantitative gains to the complex of traits related to cowpea production (SPD and hoeing at 18, 36, and 54 DAP). UPGMA cluster analysis and canonical discriminant analysis were performed and allowed a better classification of the evaluated treatments. It was observed that the first two canonical variables explained 90.8% of the total variance contained in the original variables. The use of SPD with weeding at 18, 36, and 54 days after planting provides greater weed control and significant quantitative gains for the complex of characteristics related to cowpea production. The results underscore the importance of choosing the correct cropping system and implementing effective weeding practices to optimize weed control and improve crop performance.

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Weed Interference and Control in Cowpea Production: A Review

Cited by 19 publications

References 27 publications

Economics of Weed Management Methods as Influenced by Row-Spacing in Cowpea

Economics of Weed Management Methods as Influenced by Row-Spacing in Cowpea

CRISPR/Cas Genome Editing in Legume Crops: Challenges and Opportunities: A Review

Weed-Hoeing Periods in Cowpea Cultivation under Direct and Conventional Systems

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