Weed management in conservation crop production systems

Locke, Martin A.; Reddy, Krishna N.; Zablotowicz, Robert M.

doi:10.1046/j.1445-6664.2002.00061.x

Cited by 98 publications

(72 citation statements)

References 77 publications

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“…The selection of the soil tillage system influences soil water retention and infiltration properties as well as soil temperature [64]. However, it has been noted that the decision regarding the most appropriate soil management system for local conditions is based heavily on the prevailing conditions [65], such as soil type, rainfall amount, perennial weed type, or the main type of crop [66][67][68]. As some studies suggest, changes in soil physical properties and, consequently, soil hydraulic properties can be unfavorably impacted by the degree of disturbance associated with the applied land use or management [48,69].…”

Section: The Effect Of Soil Managementmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Land Use and Management on SoilHydraulic Properties

et al. 2015

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Soil hydraulic properties are among the most important parameters that determine soil quality and its capability to serve the ecosystem. Land use can significantly influence soil properties, including its hydraulic conditions; however, additional factors, such as changes in climate (temperature and precipitation), can further influence the land use effects on soil hydraulic properties. In order to develop possible adaptation measures and mitigate any negative effects of land use and climatic changes, it is important to study the impact of land use and changes in land use on soil hydraulic properties. In this paper, we summarize recent studies examining the effect of land use/land cover and the associated changes in soil hydraulic properties, mainly focusing on agricultural scenarios of cultivated croplands and different tillage systems.

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Section: The Effect Of Soil Managementmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Land Use and Management on SoilHydraulic Properties

et al. 2015

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“…Herbicides are widely used to manage weeds in dry-seeded rice systems; however, herbicides alone cannot provide effective and season-long weed control. Therefore, there is a need to integrate herbicide use with other weed management strategies [9,[13][14][15]. The use of residue as mulch can suppress weed growth to some extent in seeded rice, but the combined use of herbicide and mulch may suppress weeds more effectively.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Integrated Use of Herbicide and Crop Mulch in Suppressing Weed Growth in a Dry-Seeded Rice System

Chauhan¹,

Abugho²

2013

AJPS

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Dry-seeded rice production systems are increasing in many Asian countries because of labor and water scarcities. However, weeds are the main biological constraints in these systems. Herbicides are widely used to manage weeds but they do not provide effective weed control. The use of crop residue as mulch can suppress weed emergence and weed biomass but mulch alone does not provide effective weed control. The integrated use of herbicide and mulch, however, could provide more effective and sustainable weed control in dry-seeded rice systems. A study was conducted in two consecutive rice growing seasons to evaluate the combined effect of herbicide (treated and nontreated) and rice straw mulch (0, 2, and 4 t·ha −1 ) on weed growth and rice yield in a dry-seeded rice system. In the nontreated plots, weed biomass decreased with increases in mulch amounts, whereas weed biomass in the herbicide-treated plots was similar at different mulch amounts. Overall, herbicide treatments provided better weed control than the mulch treatments. In the nontreated plots, grain yield was similar at different mulch amounts, whereas grain yield in the herbicide-treated plots was greater when the field was mulched with 4 t·ha −1 of rice straw than with no mulch or mulched with only 2 t·ha −1 of rice straw. The results suggest that integrated use of mulch and herbicides can help weed control and increase crop yield in dry-seeded rice.

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“…Indeed in many cases, in minimum and no-tillage, herbicides are considered as an alternative to the primary tillage, done in tillage-based systems, for pre-planting weed control [28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36]. Several authors indicate that herbicides have reduced reliance on traditional tillage methods to control weeds and have led to the adoption of minimum and no-tillage practices [37].…”

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Sustainable Weed Management for Conservation Agriculture: Options for Smallholder Farmers

Sims¹,

Corsi²,

Gbèhounou³

et al. 2018

Agriculture

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Land degradation and soil fertility deterioration are two of the main causes of agricultural production stagnation and decline in many parts of the world. The model of crop production based on mechanical soil tillage and exposed soils is typically accompanied by negative effects on the natural resource base of the farming environment, which can be so serious that they jeopardize agricultural productive potential in the future. This form of agriculture is destructive to soil health and accelerates the loss of soil by increasing its mineralization and erosion rates. Conservation agriculture, a system avoiding or minimizing soil mechanical disturbance (no-tillage) combined with soil cover and crop diversification, is considered a sustainable agro-ecological approach to resource-conserving agricultural production. A major objective of tillage is supposed to be weed control, and it does not require very specific knowledge because soil inversion controls (at least temporarily) most weeds mechanically (i.e., by way of burying them). However, repeated ploughing only changes the weed population, but does not control weeds in the long term. The same applies to the mechanical uprooting of weeds. While in the short term some tillage operations can control weeds on farms, tillage systems can increase and propagate weeds off-farm. The absence of tillage, under conservation agriculture, requires other measures of weed control. One of the ways in which this is realized is through herbicide application. However, environmental concerns, herbicide resistance and access to appropriate agro-chemicals on the part of resource-poor farmers, highlight the need for alternative weed control strategies that are effective and accessible for smallholders adopting conservation agriculture. Farmers in semi-arid regions contend with the additional challenge of low biomass production and, often, competition with livestock enterprises, which limit the potential weed-suppressing benefits of mulch and living cover crops. This paper reviews the applicability and efficacy of various mechanical, biological and integrated weed management strategies for the effective and sustainable management of weeds in smallholder conservation agriculture systems, including the role of appropriate equipment and prerequisites for smallholders within a sustainable intensification scenario.Keywords: smallholder farming; conservation agriculture; sustainable and ecological weed management; preventive; cultural and direct control methods of weed management

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Weed management in conservation crop production systems

Cited by 98 publications

References 77 publications

Effects of Land Use and Management on SoilHydraulic Properties

Effects of Land Use and Management on SoilHydraulic Properties

Integrated Use of Herbicide and Crop Mulch in Suppressing Weed Growth in a Dry-Seeded Rice System

Sustainable Weed Management for Conservation Agriculture: Options for Smallholder Farmers

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