Weeds in Eucalyptus globulus subsp. maidenii (F. Muell) establishment: effects of competition on sapling growth and survivorship

Garau, A.; Ghersa, Claudio M.; Lemcoff, Jorge Hugo; Barañao, Justo José

doi:10.1007/s11056-008-9121-8

Cited by 41 publications

(42 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…The weed interference observed in the present study, which had negative effects on some eucalyptus variables, such as: plant height, stem diameter, dry biomass, chlorophyll concentration and net assimilation rate (Tables 1 to 6), is in accordance with several previous studies that reported a higher sensitivity of eucalyptus plants to interference during the first year following their establishment (Adams et al, 2003;Florentine and Fox, 2003;Garau et al, 2009;Tarouco et al, 2009). …”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

“…In addition, competition with these weeds may have detrimental effects on several physiological characteristics in eucalyptus, such as photosynthetic rate, stomatal conductance, transpiration rate and water use efficiency (Santos et al, 2015). The first year is the critical period of interference imposed by the weeds (Pitelli and Marchi, 1991;Nambiar and Sands, 1993;Florentine and Fox, 2003;Garau et al, 2009), which lead a reduced growth of up to 40% and 52% in stem diameter and height, respectively (Adams et al, 2003).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Interference of Urochloa decumbens and Panicum maximum in the initial growth of six clones of Eucalyptus urograndis

Colmanetti¹,

Bacha²,

Braga³

et al. 2017

Aust J Crop Sci

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Weeds play a strong pressure on the eucalyptus early growth, leading to a delay in their development. Therefore, many studies have tried to identify eucalyptus clones that are more tolerant to weed competition to supply information to producers, genetic improvement programs and the scientific community. The objective of this study was evaluate the interference of signal grass (Urochloa decumbens) and guinea grass (Panicum maximum) in the early growth of six clones of Eucalyptus urograndis, as well as the reciprocal effect. The experiment was conducted in an open and semi-controlled area in 8-L pots using a completely randomized experimental design with a 3 x 6 factorial scheme (U. decumbens, P. maximum and weed-free control and six eucalyptus clones). After ninety days of planting, the following variables were measured: eucalyptus stem diameter, height, total chlorophyll concentration, chlorophyll fluorescence (Fv/Fm), net assimilation rate and eucalyptus and weed dry biomass. In coexistence with Guinea grass (Panicum maximum), clone 3 (ms 709 H) exhibited a 78.2% reduction in dry biomass compared to clone 4 (C 219 H), which obtained the highest dry biomass. In coexistence with signal grass (Urochloa decumbens), clone 6 (ms 686 H) was the most negatively affected by weed competition, with an 80.7% lower dry biomass than clone 4. In general, clones 1 (ms 710 H), 2 (H 1069) and 4 were more resistant, and clones 3 and 6 were more sensitive to weed interference. Both weeds were affected by eucalyptus, but Guinea grass was more sensitive than signal grass.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interference of Urochloa decumbens and Panicum maximum in the initial growth of six clones of Eucalyptus urograndis

Colmanetti¹,

Bacha²,

Braga³

et al. 2017

Aust J Crop Sci

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“…Regarding biotic factors, the presence of weeds has been a problematic aspect in the forestry sector around the world (Sands and Nambiar et al, 1984;Ellis et al, 1985;Caldwell et al, 1995;Adams et al, 2003;Dinardo et al, 2003;Florentine and Fox, 2003;Schaller et al, 2003;Coll et al, 2004;Garau et al, 2008;Cruz et al, 2010) as competing with crops for water, light, nutrients and releasing allelochemicals that interfere in cultural practices (Pitelli and Marchi, 1991;Toledo et al, 2001;Watt et al, 2003). Thus, it is important to note that eucalyptus seedlings are sensitive to competition imposed by these weeds especially during the establishment and early development (up to about a year old) (Pitelli and Marchi, 1991;Nambiar and Sands, 1993;Schumann et al, 1994;Florentine and Fox, 2003;Garau et al, 2009) and may reach 52% loss in height and 40% for diameter compared to plants grown in the absence of weed (Adams et al, 2003). Garau et al (2009) found that there was a slight recovery of eucalyptus globulus in the third year of coexistence with weeds, but still there were significant losses in the measured variables, reaching reductions of 28% for the stem diameter, 13% for height and 53% for volume than the weed-free treatment.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interference of seeding and regrowth of signalgrass weed (Urochloa decumbens) during the initial development of Eucalyptus urograndis (E. grandis × E. urophylla)

Bacha¹,

Pereira²,

Pires³

et al. 2016

Aust J Crop Sci

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Young eucalyptus seedlings in general are sensitive to stress factors during early development and establishment. Weed competition is one of the major biotic effects contributing to reductions on the initial growth of eucalyptus plants. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of different densities and distances of Urochloa decumbens seeded and regrowth during the early growth of Eucalyptus urograndis. Two experiments were conducted in an open and semi-controlled area, in a completely randomized design, in factorial arrangement 4 x 2 + 1, being respectively, four densities of weed plants (2.6, 5.2, 7.8 and 10.4 plants m -²), two distances between Eucalyptus and weeds (5 and 15 cm), and a weed-free control. The height and diameter of eucalyptus were evaluated 15 days intervals, and at the end of 90 days after eucalyptus planting (DAP) the leaf area and dry mass were measured. For a density of U. decumbens plants that were seeded at a density of 2.6 plants m -2 , 90 days after Eucalyptus planting (DAP), there was a decrease in the height (20%), stem diameter (10%), leaf area (55%) and dry mass (48%). For the regrowth of U. decumbens at a density of 2.6 plants m -2 at 90 DAP, the height (47%), stem diameter (55%), leaf area (89%) and dry mass (87%) decreased. The results demonstrate that U. decumbens adversely affected the growth of eucalyptus, without statistical differences between distances, and weeds in regrowth affecting Eucalyptus growth more than seeded weeds.

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“…Studying other Eucalyptus spp., the presence of weeds were a serious threat to the seedlings development of Eucalyptus globules (Garau et al, 2009), Eucalyptus urophylla (Toledo et al, 2000), and Eucalyptus grandis (Souza et al, 2010). On the other hand, Brendolan et al (2000) evaluated eucalyptus inter and intraspecific competition and found no effects on height, number of leaves and branches, analyzing a period of 60 days of coexistence with weeds.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Abiotic and biotic factors can affect the degree of weed interference in addition to the weed species coexistence with the interesting crop (Souza et al, 2003;Garau et al, 2009;Pereira et al, 2013). Weed spatial distribution in the field is one of the main factors affecting the degree of weed interference (Norris et al, 2001a,b).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Grass Weeds Interfering with Eucalypt: Effects of the Distance of Coexistence on the Initial Plant Growth

et al. 2015

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-Two experiments were carried out to evaluate the initial plant growth of Eucalyptus urograndis growing in coexistence with Urochloa decumbens and U. ruziziensis. In 100-L box, one plant of U. decumbens or U. ruziziensis grew in coexistence with one plant of E. urograndis clones C219H or H15, respectively, in the distances of 0, 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, and 40 cm from the crop. After 30, 60, 90 (both clones), and 150 days (just for H15), growth characteristics were evaluated. Plants of both clones, growing in weed-free situations, showed a better growth and development than plants that grew in weedy situations, independently of the distance, having the highest plant height, stem diameter, dry mass of stem, and dry mass of leaves. As the same way, the number of branches, number of leaves, and leaf area of the clone C219H were similarly affected. Urochloa ruziziensis reduced the dry mass accumulation of stem and leaves by the rate of 0.06 and 0.32 g per plant, respectively, per each centimeter growing nearest to the crop, while U. decumbens reduced by 0.03 and 0.14 g per plant. The interference of U. decumbens and U. ruziziensis with E. urograndis is more intense when weedy plants grow in short distances from the crop. 0, 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35 Keywords: Eucalyptus urograndis, Urochloa decumbens, Urochloa ruziziensis, weed competition. RESUMO -Dois experimentos foram realizados para avaliar o crescimento inicial das plantas de Eucalyptus urograndis crescendo em convivência com Urochloa decumbens e U. ruziziensis. Em vasos de concreto de 100 L, uma planta de U. decumbens ou U. ruziziensis cresceu em coexistência com uma planta de E. urograndis, dos clones C219H ou H15, respectivamente, nas distâncias de

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Weeds in Eucalyptus globulus subsp. maidenii (F. Muell) establishment: effects of competition on sapling growth and survivorship

Cited by 41 publications

References 30 publications

Interference of Urochloa decumbens and Panicum maximum in the initial growth of six clones of Eucalyptus urograndis

Interference of Urochloa decumbens and Panicum maximum in the initial growth of six clones of Eucalyptus urograndis

Interference of seeding and regrowth of signalgrass weed (Urochloa decumbens) during the initial development of Eucalyptus urograndis (E. grandis × E. urophylla)

Grass Weeds Interfering with Eucalypt: Effects of the Distance of Coexistence on the Initial Plant Growth

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