Weekend Sun Protection and Sunburn in Australia

Dobbinson, Suzanne; Wakefield, Melanie; Jamsen, Kris; Herd, Natalie; Spittal, Matthew J; Lipscomb, John E; Hill, David

doi:10.1016/j.amepre.2007.09.024

Cited by 129 publications

(56 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…According to a survey carried out in Spain, almost 80% of the population used sunscreen to protect their skin against the UV radiation (Galán et al, 2011). This percentage is significantly higher than in the United Kingdom (37%) (Miles et al, 2005) or Australia (27%) (Dobbinson et al, 2008).…”

Section: Coastal Tourism Trend and Use Of Sunscreen: The Spain Casementioning

confidence: 98%

Are sunscreens a new environmental risk associated with coastal tourism?

Sánchez-Quiles

Tovar-Sánchez

2015

Environment International

201

131

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The world coastal-zone population and coastal tourism are expected to grow during this century. Associated with that, there will be an increase in the use of sunscreens and cosmetics with UV-filters in their formulation, which will make coastal regions worldwide susceptible to the impact of these cosmetics. Recent investigations indicate that organic and inorganic UV-filters, as well as many other components that are constituents of the sunscreens, reach the marine environment--directly as a consequence of water recreational activities and/or indirectly from wastewater treatment plants (WWTP) effluents. Toxicity of organic and inorganic UV filters has been demonstrated in aquatic organism. UV-filters inhibit growth in marine phytoplankton and tend to bioaccumulate in the food webs. These findings together with coastal tourism data records highlight the potential risk that the increasing use of these cosmetics would have in coastal marine areas. Nevertheless, future investigations into distribution, residence time, aging, partitioning and speciation of their main components and by-products in the water column, persistence, accumulation and toxicity in the trophic chain, are needed to understand the magnitude and real impact of these emerging pollutants in the marine system.

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Section: Coastal Tourism Trend and Use Of Sunscreen: The Spain Casementioning

confidence: 98%

Are sunscreens a new environmental risk associated with coastal tourism?

Sánchez-Quiles

Tovar-Sánchez

2015

Environment International

201

131

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“…67 A study from Australia that assessed sun protection attitudes and behaviours for 15 years in the presence of variable amounts of media campaign exposure (SunSmart), however, has provided convincing evidence of improvements in attitudes and behaviour in the presence of skin cancer prevention media campaigns. 69 Furthermore, reductions in the incidence of melanoma have been observed, especially among young people, over the decades of this media campaign. 70 The researchers of this Australian study advocate as crucial the need for sustained community-wide organised efforts that include mass media to maintain the positive preventive effects and counter competing forces that promote sunbathing and tanning, such as fashion trends and solarium marketing.…”

Section: Evidence For Health Behaviour Changementioning

confidence: 99%

Use of mass media campaigns to change health behaviour

2010

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Mass media campaigns are widely used to expose high proportions of large populations to messages through routine uses of existing media, such as television, radio, and newspapers. Exposure to such messages is, therefore, generally passive. Such campaigns are frequently competing with factors, such as pervasive product marketing, powerful social norms, and behaviours driven by addiction or habit. In this Review we discuss the outcomes of mass media campaigns in the context of various health-risk behaviours (eg, use of tobacco, alcohol, and other drugs, heart disease risk factors, sex-related behaviours, road safety, cancer screening and prevention, child survival, and organ or blood donation). We conclude that mass media campaigns can produce positive changes or prevent negative changes in health-related behaviours across large populations. We assess what contributes to these outcomes, such as concurrent availability of required services and products, availability of community-based programmes, and policies that support behaviour change. Finally, we propose areas for improvement, such as investment in longer better-funded campaigns to achieve adequate population exposure to media messages.

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“…12 The prevalence of, trends in, 13,14 demographic and attitudinal correlates of shade use, and shade’s association with temperature and sunburn incidence, have been reported. 15–17 A study in Melbourne secondary schools remains the only prospective randomized trial of purpose-built shade for sun protection 9,11 and found that students used rather than avoided shade. 11 …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Shade Sails and Passive Recreation in Public Parks of Melbourne and Denver: A Randomized Intervention

et al. 2017

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Objective To test whether shade sails will increase the use of passive recreation areas (PRAs). Methods A stratified randomized pretest-posttest controlled design was conducted in Melbourne, Australia and Denver, USA in 2010–2014. A sample of 145 public parks with two PRAs in full sun were randomized in a 1:3 ratio to treatment or control. Shade sails were built at one PRA per treatment park. The outcome was any use of study PRA (n=576 pretest and n=576 posttest observations; 100% follow-up). Results Compared to control PRAs (adjusted probability of use: pretest=0·14, posttest=0·17), use of treatment PRAs (pretest=0·10, posttest=0·32) was higher at posttest, odds ratio (OR)=3·91, 95% CI=1·72, 8·93. Shade increased use of PRAs in Denver (control: pretest=0·19, posttest=0·20; treatment: pretest=0·16, posttest=0·47) more than Melbourne (control: pretest=0·11, posttest=0·14; shaded: pretest=0·06, posttest=0·19), OR=2·92, 95% CI=1·07, 7·98. Conclusions Public investment in shade is warranted for skin cancer prevention and may be especially useful in the United States.

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Weekend Sun Protection and Sunburn in Australia

Cited by 129 publications

References 32 publications

Are sunscreens a new environmental risk associated with coastal tourism?

Are sunscreens a new environmental risk associated with coastal tourism?

Use of mass media campaigns to change health behaviour

Shade Sails and Passive Recreation in Public Parks of Melbourne and Denver: A Randomized Intervention

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