Weight concerns, dieting behavior, and smoking initiation among adolescents: a prospective study.

French, Simone A.; Perry, Courtney; Leon, Gloria R.; Fulkerson, Jayne A.

doi:10.2105/ajph.84.11.1818

Cited by 243 publications

(161 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…Our analysis is apparently only the second prospective study examining the relation between dieting and smoking initiation. The magnitude of the association found in our study is similar to that found by French et al 6 In our study, the relation between dieting frequency and smoking initiation for girls was statistically significant and became stronger after adjustment for confounding variables.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

“…2 To our knowledge, only 1 prospective study has examined the relation between dieting and smoking initiation. French et al 6 followed up 1705 adolescents in grades 7 through 10 for 1 year; they found that at baseline, girls who reported trying to lose weight in the previous year or having constant thoughts about weight were about 2 times more likely than the other girls to initiate smoking 1 year later. About 11% of the girls who dieted, compared with 5% of the other girls, initiated smoking during the study period.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Dieting and smoking initiation in early adolescent girls and boys: a prospective study

Austin

Gortmaker²

2001

Am J Public Health

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OBJECTIVES: This analysis tested the relation between dieting frequency and risk of smoking initiation in a longitudinal sample of adolescents. METHODS: From 1995 to 1997, 1295 middle school girls and boys participated in a nutrition and physical activity intervention study. The prospective association between dieting frequency at baseline and smoking initiation 2 years later was tested. RESULTS: Compared with girls who reported no dieting at baseline, girls who dieted up to once per week had 2 times the adjusted odds of becoming smokers (odds ratio = 2.0; 95% confidence interval = 1.1, 3.5), and girls who dieted more often had 4 times the adjusted odds of becoming smokers (odds ratio = 3.9; 95% confidence interval = 1.5, 10.4). CONCLUSIONS: Dieting among girls may exacerbate risk of initiating smoking, with increasing risk with greater dieting frequency.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Dieting and smoking initiation in early adolescent girls and boys: a prospective study

Austin

Gortmaker²

2001

Am J Public Health

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“…Ironically, an adverse health behavior, cigarette consumption, was inversely associated with BMI and was predictive of lower body mass index regardless of gender. The findings are consistent with other studies that suggest that smokers have lower body weights Determinants of BMI M Jackson et al than their nonsmoking counterparts because of smoking related increases in basal metabolism and energy expenditure (Perkins et al, 1989) or because of an effect of smoking on energy intake (French et al, 1994). Both men and women who were married or in stable unions had higher BMIs than persons not in unions.…”

Section: Social and Behavioral Correlates Of Bmisupporting

confidence: 89%

Social and dietary determinants of body mass index of adult Jamaicans of African origin

et al. 2003

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Objectives: To determine the relationships between body mass index (BMI) and diet, social and behavioural factors among adult Jamaicans of African origin. Design: Cross-sectional. Setting: Urban communities in Jamaica, West Indies. Subjects: Three-hundred and sixty-three males and 561 females of African origin, aged 25 -74 y. Results: Women had higher mean BMIs (27.5 AE 6.4 kg=m 2 ) than men (23.4 AE 4.3 kg=m 2 ); 30.7% of women compared with 6.7% of men were obese. There was a tendency for obese men to have higher percentage of intakes from fat and less from carbohydrate, and women reported diets in which the percentage contribution of protein increased significantly with increasing BMI. In multivariate analyses, BMI was not explained by energy but was associated with protein intakes in females only. Predictors of relative weight were inversely related. Social (marital status) and behavioural (cigarette smoking) factors predicted BMI in both genders; older age in men and increased fibre intakes in women were associated with lower BMI. Conclusions: Social and behavioural factors are important determinants of body weight. Further investigations are needed which consider factors such as physical activity, genetic and other environmental variables as predictors of relative weight.

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“…21 ± 23 The relationship between smoking and BMI could be mediated by the thermogenetic effect of smoking 24 or by the action of nicotine as an appetite suppressant. 25,26 Explanations for the inverse association of alcohol intake with obesity in women remains unclear. 27,28 It has been postulated that individuals drinking alcohol may have other lifestyle attributes which could compensate for the energy intake from alcohol.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Factors associated with obesity in South Asian, Afro-Caribbean and European women

1999

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OBJECTIVE: To investigate correlates of body mass index (BMI) and other anthropometric measurements in South Asian, Afro-Caribbean and European women in the UK. SUBJECTS: 291 South Asian, 303 Afro-Caribbean, and 559 European women aged 40 ± 69 y in West London, UK. DESIGN: Cross-sectional survey. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: BMI, waist-to-height ratio (WHt), and skinfold thicknesses. RESULTS: Compared with European women, South Asian and Afro-Caribbean women were more like to be obese (odds ratios (OR) 1.83 and 3.01, respectively), but less likely to rate themselves as overweight (BMI-adjusted OR 0.19 and 0.34, respectively). The proportion of women who walked at least 2.5 kmad, excluding activity at work, was lower in South Asians (22%) than in Europeans (44%) or Afro-Caribbeans (40%). Among employed women, the proportion who were active at work was higher in South Asians (63%) and Afro-Caribbeans (70%) than in Europeans (49%). In Europeans, obesity was inversely associated with social class, education, smoking, alcohol intake, and distance walked, and positively associated with time spent watching television. Adjustment for alcohol intake, smoking, education and transport, physical activity explained over 80% of the difference in BMI between South Asians and Europeans, but not the difference between Afro-Caribbeans and Europeans. CONCLUSION: The factor that may be most amenable to intervention in South Asian women is low physical activity outside the workplace. The high prevalence of obesity in Afro-Caribbean women, however, is not accounted for by any behavioural factors measured in this study, and the reasons for high rates of obesity in this group remain to be established.

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Weight concerns, dieting behavior, and smoking initiation among adolescents: a prospective study.

Cited by 243 publications

References 27 publications

Dieting and smoking initiation in early adolescent girls and boys: a prospective study

Dieting and smoking initiation in early adolescent girls and boys: a prospective study

Social and dietary determinants of body mass index of adult Jamaicans of African origin

Factors associated with obesity in South Asian, Afro-Caribbean and European women

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