Weight losses from milk and weaned lambs in mid canterbury resulting from different lengths of starvation before slaughter

Kirton, A. H.; Moss, R. A.; Taylor, A. G.

doi:10.1080/00288233.1971.10421311

Cited by 10 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…Live weight losses during the preslaughter period are of major concern in small ruminants. Live weight shrinkage can be about 10% in goats after 18 h feed deprivation, and about 7% in sheep after 24 h feed deprivation [ 12 , 13 ]. These live weight losses can be attributed to reductions in gut weights, since the gastrointestinal tract contributes to a major proportion of live weight in small ruminants [ 30 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, Kannan et al [ 12 ] reported that 18 h of feed deprivation resulted in a 10% live weight shrinkage in goats. Earlier studies also showed that fasting sheep for 24 h resulted in about 7% live weight loss due to reduction in gut contents [ 13 , 14 ]. Feed deprivation is one of the preslaughter stress factors that may be responsible for depletion of muscle glycogen prior to slaughter [ 15 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Preslaughter diet management in sheep and goats: effects on physiological responses and microbial loads on skin and carcass

Kannan

Gutta

Lee

et al. 2014

J Animal Sci Biotechnol

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Sixteen crossbred buck goats (Kiko x Spanish; BW = 32.8 kg) and wether sheep (Dorset x Suffolk; BW = 39.9 kg) were used to determine the effect of preslaughter diet and feed deprivation time (FDT) on physiological responses and microbial loads on skin and carcasses. Experimental animals were fed either a concentrate (CD) or a hay diet (HD) for 4 d and then deprived of feed for either 12-h or 24-h before slaughter. Blood samples were collected for plasma cortisol and blood metabolite analyses. Longisimus muscle (LM) pH was measured. Skin and carcass swabs were obtained to assess microbial loads. Plasma creatine kinase activity (863.9 and 571.7 ± 95.21 IU) and non-esterified fatty acid concentrations (1,056.1 and 589.8 ± 105.01 mEq/L) were different (P < 0.05) between sheep and goats. Species and diet treatments had significant effects on the ultimate pH of LM. Pre-holding total coliform (TCC) and aerobic plate counts (APC) of skin were significantly different between species. Goats had lower (P < 0.05) TCC (2.1 vs. 3.0 log10 CFU/cm2) and APC (8.2 vs. 8.5 log10 CFU/cm2) counts in the skin compared to sheep. Preslaughter skin E. coli counts and TCC were different (P < 0.05) between species. Goats had lower (P < 0.05) counts of E. coli (2.2 vs. 2.9 log10 CFU/cm2) and TCC (2.3 vs. 3.0 log10 CFU/cm2) in the skin compared with those in sheep. Diet, species, and FDT had no effect (P > 0.05) on E. coli and TCC in carcass swab samples. The APC of carcass swab samples were only affected (P < 0.05) by the FDT. The results indicated that preslaughter dietary management had no significant changes on hormone and blood metabolite concentrations and sheep might be more prone for fecal contamination than goats in the holding pens at abattoir.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preslaughter diet management in sheep and goats: effects on physiological responses and microbial loads on skin and carcass

Kannan

Gutta

Lee

et al. 2014

J Animal Sci Biotechnol

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“…Liveweight loss prior to slaughter may be of particular importance in small ruminants since the gastrointestinal tract comprises a greater proportion of live weight than in cattle or swine (Romans et al, 1994). A 24-h feed deprivation in sheep causes a loss of about 7% BW that can be attributed to reduction in gut contents (Kirton et al, 1971;Chilliard et al, 1995).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Simulated preslaughter holding and isolation effects on stress responses and live weight shrinkage in meat goats1

Kannan

Terrill

Kouakou

et al. 2002

Journal of Animal Science

112

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The objective of this experiment was to determine the effects of preslaughter isolation and feed withdrawal duration on physiological responses and shrinkage in goats. A total of 84 Spanish does (36 mo of age, average weight 35 kg) were individually weighed and scored for excitability before two replicate (day) trials. The does were feed-deprived (FD) or fed (F) in holding pens (treatment, TRT) for either 0, 7, 14, or 21 h (TIME). At the end of the holding periods, FD and F does were blood-sampled (n = 6 does/treatment/time/replicate) and weighed again to assess physiological responses and shrinkage, respectively. Individual does from each pen were blood-sampled again after imposing one of three handling post-treatments: a 15-min isolation with no visual contact with other does (I); a 15-min isolation with visual contact (IV); or no isolation (C, control). Plasma cortisol concentrations were higher at 0 h than at other holding time periods (P < 0.01). Plasma triiodothyronine, thyroxine, and leptin concentrations, and differential leukocyte counts were not influenced by any of the factors. The rate of decline in glucose concentrations over TIME was greater in FD than in F group (TRT x TIME, P < 0.05). The overall plasma creatine kinase activity peaked at 7 h before reaching a lower level at 14- and 21-h holding (P < 0.05). Plasma urea nitrogen concentrations were higher at 0- and 21-h than at 7- and 14-h holding (P < 0.01). Plasma nonesterified FA concentrations in the FD group remained at an elevated level during holding, but in the F group the levels decreased at 7 h and remained at that level (TRT x TIME, P < 0.01). Excitability scores did not have any effect on the variables measured. Shrinkage increased with longer holding time, but more prominently in the FD group (TRT x TIME, P < 0.01). Plasma cortisol concentrations were greater in I and IV groups than in the C group (P < 0.01). The novelty of environment during preslaughter holding, and social isolation may be more potent stressors than feed deprivation in goats, although shrinkage may increase with increasing feed-withdrawal times.

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“…Averaged values were measured from their decay curves as presented by Hughes (1976) and used in a process of iteration and regression analysis to find a general exponential decay curve with the smallest standard error. A contrasting estimate of k was also obtained using only one of the decay data sets (Kirton et al 1971).…”

Section: The Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Derivation of exponential rate constant ('k') Kirton et al (1968Kirton et al ( , 1971 conducted studies in March 1968 and 1969 in which three groups of weaned lambs were starved for 48 -56 h, with or without access to water. Averaged values were measured from their decay curves as presented by Hughes (1976) and used in a process of iteration and regression analysis to find a general exponential decay curve with the smallest standard error.…”

Section: The Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

A model of diurnal variation in liveweight of hoggets

Kane¹,

Phillips²,

Roberts³

1987

New Zealand Journal of Experimental Agriculture

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A simple model of diurnal variation in liveweight attributable to feeding behaviour was developed for hoggets at pasture. It depended on the assumptions that hoggets grazed during daylight, fasted overnight, lost weight according to an exponential process during fasting, and gained weight as a result of the additive effects of a constant rate of feeding and the exponential process of weight loss. In support of this, a pattern of liveweight gains from dawn to dusk and liveweight losses from dusk to succeeding dawn was noted in a group of experimental sheep. The use of the model of diurnal variation ill liveweight for standardising liveweights obtained under diverse yarding and weighing circumstances to estimated dawn liveweights is described. Also described are the expected effects on liveweight variation of absolute liveweight, feeding level, and day length, and of a particular yarding/weighing strategy.

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Weight losses from milk and weaned lambs in mid canterbury resulting from different lengths of starvation before slaughter

Cited by 10 publications

References 2 publications

Preslaughter diet management in sheep and goats: effects on physiological responses and microbial loads on skin and carcass

Preslaughter diet management in sheep and goats: effects on physiological responses and microbial loads on skin and carcass

Simulated preslaughter holding and isolation effects on stress responses and live weight shrinkage in meat goats1

A model of diurnal variation in liveweight of hoggets

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