Weitere Untersuchungen über die Entwicklung der Hortegaschen Mikroglia

Sántha, Kálmán; Juba, Adolf

doi:10.1007/bf01814660

Cited by 42 publications

(6 citation statements)

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“…According to del Rio-Hortega (192 1, 1932) the microglia migrates into the brain late in foetal development. On the other hand Santha (1932), Santha and Juba (1933) and Sturrock (1978b) found microglial cells already in the embryonic brain about the time when vascularization of the neural tube occurs (in the rat between days 11 and 13 of gestation). There are few experimental studies of prenatal proliferation of microglial cells.…”

Section: Microglia and Pericytesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cell Kinetic Studies of Different Cell Types In the Developing and Adult Brain of the Rat and the Mouse: A Review

Schultze

Korr

1981

Cell Proliferation

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Section: Microglia and Pericytesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cell Kinetic Studies of Different Cell Types In the Developing and Adult Brain of the Rat and the Mouse: A Review

Schultze

Korr

1981

Cell Proliferation

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“…Although occasional mononuclear phagocytes have been identified in the CNS at very early stages of gestation, even before vascularisation [55,56], these tend to be isolated cells, and the main phase of colonisation occurs within the second trimester of development in the telencephalon and a few weeks earlier in the spinal cord [56,57]. In man and a variety of other species, including cat, dog, and rat, the timing of the major influx of microglia appears to correlate with vascularisation of the CNS [28][29][30]. At birth, microglia are extensively distributed throughout all areas of the brain by which time they have started to develop the characteristic distribution and the ramified phenotype seen in resting adult microglia (reviewed in Rezaie and Male [5]).…”

Section: Timing and Location Of Colonisation In Manmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The original studies of von Sá ntha and Juba [30] and Kershman [29] had shown that microglial cells could be identified in the human CNS from as early as 10 weeks of gestation. Although occasional mononuclear phagocytes have been identified in the CNS at very early stages of gestation, even before vascularisation [55,56], these tend to be isolated cells, and the main phase of colonisation occurs within the second trimester of development in the telencephalon and a few weeks earlier in the spinal cord [56,57].…”

Section: Timing and Location Of Colonisation In Manmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Following the initial observational studies carried out in man [28][29][30], work on the origin of microglia was continued principally in rodents [31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39][40]. A view has now emerged that essentially assigns the origin of these cells as bloodderived mononuclear phagocytes, whose phenotype is determined by the CNS microenvironment [27].…”

Section: Colonisation Of the Cns By Microgliamentioning

confidence: 99%

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Differentiation, Ramification and Distribution of Microglia within the Central Nervous System Examined

Rezaie

Male

2001

Neuroembryol Aging

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The central nervous system contains several populations of mononuclear phagocytes. Principal amongst these are the tissue-resident microglia. These cells are considered to derive from circulating blood progenitors that colonise the developing human nervous system in the second trimester of fetal life. They first appear as amoeboid forms and gradually differentiate to process-bearing ‘ramified’ forms with maturation. Signals driving this transformation are known to be partly derived from astrocytes in vitro, and amoeboid microglial cells progressively ramify when co-cultured with astrocytes, mirroring the ‘differentiation’ of microglia in situ during development. In the adult, microglia occupy distinct non-overlapping territories in their ramified conformations, and are capable of ‘dedifferentiating’ to their activated amoeboid morphological states in a number of pathological circumstances. This is in keeping with the capacity of these cells for a rapid response to inflammatory cues in the CNS. The interchangeable morphological continuum of these cells supports the view that microglia represent a single heterogeneous population of resident mononuclear phagocytes capable of marked plasticity. This review will discuss signals that drive the colonisation, differentiation and ramification of microglia, and examines hypothetical models for their spatial distribution in the adult nervous system.

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“…However, another study proposed vascular pericytes as the parent cells of microglia [ 26 , 27 ]. The first reports on the monocytic origin of microglia came to the fore in 1933 and 1934 from Santha and Juba, respectively, who hypothesized that ramified microglia originated from circulating monocytes because the initial appearance of these cells coincided with the vascularization of the brain [ 28 , 29 ].…”

Section: Discovery and Ontogeny Of Microgliamentioning

confidence: 99%

Origin and Emergence of Microglia in the CNS—An Interesting (Hi)story of an Eccentric Cell

Dermitzakis

Μanthou

Meditskou

et al. 2023

CIMB

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Microglia belong to tissue-resident macrophages of the central nervous system (CNS), representing the primary innate immune cells. This cell type constitutes ~7% of non-neuronal cells in the mammalian brain and has a variety of biological roles integral to homeostasis and pathophysiology from the late embryonic to adult brain. Its unique identity that distinguishes its “glial” features from tissue-resident macrophages resides in the fact that once entering the CNS, it is perennially exposed to a unique environment following the formation of the blood–brain barrier. Additionally, tissue-resident macrophage progenies derive from various peripheral sites that exhibit hematopoietic potential, and this has resulted in interpretation issues surrounding their origin. Intensive research endeavors have intended to track microglial progenitors during development and disease. The current review provides a corpus of recent evidence in an attempt to disentangle the birthplace of microglia from the progenitor state and underlies the molecular elements that drive microgliogenesis. Furthermore, it caters towards tracking the lineage spatiotemporally during embryonic development and outlining microglial repopulation in the mature CNS. This collection of data can potentially shed light on the therapeutic potential of microglia for CNS perturbations across various levels of severity.

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Weitere Untersuchungen über die Entwicklung der Hortegaschen Mikroglia

Cited by 42 publications

References 0 publications

Cell Kinetic Studies of Different Cell Types In the Developing and Adult Brain of the Rat and the Mouse: A Review

Cell Kinetic Studies of Different Cell Types In the Developing and Adult Brain of the Rat and the Mouse: A Review

Differentiation, Ramification and Distribution of Microglia within the Central Nervous System Examined

Origin and Emergence of Microglia in the CNS—An Interesting (Hi)story of an Eccentric Cell

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