Weld-bonded stainless steel to carbon fibre-reinforced plastic joints

Joesbury, Adam M.; Colegrove, Paul A.; Rymenant, Patrick Van; Ayre, David; Ganguly, Saibal; Williams, Stewart

doi:10.1016/j.jmatprotec.2017.08.023

Cited by 26 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…The typical technology employed for joining automotive metals is the welding process 7) . There are numerous researches [8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17] in this area. The technologies included Resistance Spot Welding(RSW), Resistance Seam Welding(RSW), Friction Welding(FW), Laser Beam Welding (LBW), Metal Inert Gas(MIG) welding, Tungsten Inert Gas(TIG) welding and Plasma Arc Welding(PAW) have been applied for the automotive manufacturing.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Overview of Resistance Element Welding with Focus on Mechanical and Microstructure Joint and Optimization in Automotive Metal Joints

Shim

Park²,

Kim

2023

J Weld Join

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As lightweight automotive structures improve fuel efficiency and reduce carbon dioxide emission, they have garnered extensive attention. Vehicle mass reduction, which is a key problem for next generation eco-friendly vehicles, can significantly increase mileage. Hence, industries have committed to replace conventional materials with lightweight materials, such as advanced high strength steel. Additionally, automotive industries are hindered by challenges in the field of joining technology. A novel welding technology called resistance element welding (REW), which is an appropriate thermal-based joining method, was developed recently for joining hybrid materials with other structural steel grades. In this study, the state of the art joining and the process characteristics for dissimilar metal joints have been presented because related studies show limited investigation in this area. Following by the state of them, the principal and welding quality of REW, experimentally and numerically, are reported to give comprehensive information on the current practices and research interest related to technologies. Finally, extensive work was concentrated on portional joining optimization techniques to improve different materials.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Overview of Resistance Element Welding with Focus on Mechanical and Microstructure Joint and Optimization in Automotive Metal Joints

Shim

Park²,

Kim

2023

J Weld Join

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“…Mechanical connections such as riveted and bolted connections cause damage to the base material easily 14 . Moreover, the mechanical connection is prone to produce stress concentration to destroy the mechanical properties of the joint 15 . Adhesion bonding process depends more on the service environment 16 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of micro‐arc oxidation treatment on laser joint microstructures of Ti‐6Al‐4V alloy/CFRP

Zou

Yang

Liu

et al. 2022

Surface & Interface Analysis

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Resin-based carbon fibre reinforced composite (CFRP) with excellent properties has been widely applied in aerospace industry. In this study, polyether ether ketone enforced composite (PEEK-CFRP) and Ti-6V-4V titanium alloy had been joined by laser welding process. Micro-arc oxidation (MAO) process was conducted on the surface of titanium alloy to improve the joint property. Fractures and mechanical properties of joints were analysed. Interfacial microstructures of the joints had been investigated, and the formation mechanism of joint had been figured out. The results showed that after MAO treatment, the joint strength had been greatly improved and the shear strength reached to 42.3 MPa compared with pretreated sample. The wettability of CFRP on titanium alloy was rising with the contact angle of 68.8 . Fracture showed that cohesive failure contributed to the main fracture mode. As joints were formed by both mechanical bonding and chemical bonding, 'anchor-shaped' structures were found in the joint to enhance the mechanical bonding effects due to the flowing of the melted resin. (ÀOH) bonds were identified at the surface of MAOtreated titanium alloy that provided conditions for hydrogen bond interaction. TiO 2 , TiO and Ti-V-C phase were found at interface, whereas Ti-F and Ti-O-F bonds were generated during the welding process, which made great contribution to the chemical bonds between titanium alloy and CFRP.

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“…Therefore, the bonding process between CFRP and titanium alloy is an urgent problem to be solved. Methods like adhesive bonding, bolting, riveting, self-piercing riveting(SPR) and even stir friction weld have already been applied in connecting the two material and obtained a well effect [14][15][16][17]. Laser welding technology, 2 of 13 because of its small heat input, moderate thermal deformation and flexible processing, can strictly control the melting area and produce a small heat affected zone [18][19][20].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interfacial Microstructure and Formation of Direct Laser Welded CFRP/Ti-6Al-4V Joint

Zou

Zhang

Lei

et al. 2021

Metals

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Joining fiber reinforced polyether ether ketone resin matrix composite (PEEK-CFRP) with Ti-6Al-4V titanium alloy to form a composite structure is a promising manufacturing process. Huge difference of material properties is the biggies challenge to join them. Continuous laser welding process is conducted in this experiment to join the two materials. In this study, joints under different welding speeds were obtained. Mechanical properties and microstructures were observed, and the interfacial structures were tested. The results showed that fixed joint could be obtained. As the welding speed decreased, the tensile shear first increased and then decreased. The shear force reached a maximum value of 36.8 N/mm at the speed of 10 mm/s. The quality of joint could be observably affected by welding speed. The formation of bubbles, cracks, and anchor effect at the interface were the main factors affecting the mechanical property of joint. Thus, adhesion failure was the main failure form for CFRP fracture. Ti, Al and some other elements had been diffused across the interface, resulting in the formation of intermediate transition layer. The result of EDS, X-ray and XPS test indicated that CTi0.42V1.58 phase could be formed, and Ti at the interface could react with the oxygen and carbon of CFRP to form TiO2, TiO and TiC, forming a stable joint structure.

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Weld-bonded stainless steel to carbon fibre-reinforced plastic joints

Cited by 26 publications

References 9 publications

An Overview of Resistance Element Welding with Focus on Mechanical and Microstructure Joint and Optimization in Automotive Metal Joints

An Overview of Resistance Element Welding with Focus on Mechanical and Microstructure Joint and Optimization in Automotive Metal Joints

Effect of micro‐arc oxidation treatment on laser joint microstructures of Ti‐6Al‐4V alloy/CFRP

Interfacial Microstructure and Formation of Direct Laser Welded CFRP/Ti-6Al-4V Joint

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