Weldability, machinability and surfacing of commercial duplex stainless steel AISI2205 for marine applications – A recent review

Jebaraj, A. Vinoth; Ajaykumar, L.; Deepak, C.R.; Aditya, K. V. V.

doi:10.1016/j.jare.2017.01.002

Cited by 131 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 92 publications

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“…The alloying element Mo preferably stabilizes the ferrite phase, but its concentration is decreased in this phase in the FZ of the as-welded condition, due to the cooling conditions, not having time for diffusion in the ferrite phase and being part retained austenite. High cooling rates induced by the welding process leads to significant variation in the grain size, orientation and shape in the FZ microstructures when compared to BM, as also reported in previous studies 12 . The PWHT enabled the partitioning of the alloying elements and changed/modified 1.0; 1.1 and 0.9 to 1.1; 1.4 and 0.7 for chemical elements: Cr, Mo and Ni, respectively.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 81%

“…In these steels the ferrite presents a higher hardness than austenite because it contains higher Cr and Mo contents in its composition 12 and because its volumetric fraction was higher in the FZ before the PWHT and there was still a higher Ni absorption, the hardness tends to be higher in these regions. Moreover, BCC crystal (ferrite) structures have less slip systems than the crystalline FCC structure at room temperature 29 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In these regions, high or very low heat input may be unfavorable for phase adjustment, under high heat input conditions may result in precipitation of intermetallic phases, and when low heat input conditions are presented, may raise the ferrite content 11 . A heat input of 0.5 to 2.5 kJ/mm is recommended for 25% Cr 12 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Microstructural Evolution Due to One Thermal Cycle in a Superduplex Stainless Steel ASTM A890/A890M - Grade 6A in the As-Weld and Post-Weld Heat Treatment Conditions

et al. 2019

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During welding of the superduplex stainless steels are exposed to thermal cycles, allowing precipitation of deleterious phases as well as unbalance as the ferrite and austenite phases. This work analyzed the microstructural changes taking place on a plate ASTM A890/A890M-grade 6A steel submitted to arc welding one welding of pass conducted on a flat surface using coated electrode Zeron®100, in the as welded and post-welded heat treatment conditions. Microstructural characterization in the regions base metal, heat affected zone, and fusion zone were conducted by optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction. The post-weld heat treatment in the fusion zone changed the ferrite/austenite volumetric fraction from 59/41 to 52/48. Cr, Mo and Ni distributions in the fusion zone were altered after the post-weld heat treatment, with the concentration ratio ferrite/ austenite being around 1.0; 1.1 and 0.9 to 1.1; 1.4 and 0.7, respectively. In addition, hardness reduced from 300 to 270 HV 0.3 at the fusion zone.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 81%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Microstructural Evolution Due to One Thermal Cycle in a Superduplex Stainless Steel ASTM A890/A890M - Grade 6A in the As-Weld and Post-Weld Heat Treatment Conditions

et al. 2019

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“…In these tests, no clear incidents in vibration levels were identified, which could be associated with premature failure of the tools. This behavior shows that wear was progressive, throwing aside any speculation regarding the formation of a possible BUE, which was referred in [28,29]. Indeed, the wear and tear must have begun to occur on the coating, which deteriorated progressively, resulting in degradation of the substrate.…”

Section: Ph5740-s1 and S2 Tests (Cvd Tin/ticn/al 2 O 3 Coated Tools)mentioning

confidence: 85%

“…In fact, the high tenacity presented by these alloys, high work hardening effect, low thermal conductivity, and strong tendency for the formation BUE, make processing these materials through chip-cutting machining difficult. In fact, the work hardening effect promotes friction between the cutting edge of the tool and the workpiece, constituting an additional source of heat in this area, inducing oxidation and diffusion phenomena [28,29]. On the other hand, persistent BUE formation and adhesive wear occur essentially due to the chemical/metallurgical affinity between the tool's material and the duplex stainless steel being machined, usually resulting in continuous chip formation, which is undesirable [30,31].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Machining GX2CrNiMoN26-7-4 DSS Alloy: Wear Analysis of TiAlN and TiCN/Al2O3/TiN Coated Carbide Tools Behavior in Rough End Milling Operations

et al. 2019

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In the last decade, it has been common to observe a competition between coatings achieved via physical vapor deposition (PVD) and chemical vapor deposition (CVD) techniques on cutting tools used in machining processes. The tool’s substrate material can immediately condition the coating process selection. However, there are also materials capabe of adapting to any of the coating processes. Hence, the capabilities demonstrated by a given coating when created with one technique or another are usually different due to the intrinsic characteristics of each coating process, such as temperature and stress levels. In this work, to study the machining behavior of a super duplex stainless steel, PVD- and CVD-coated tungsten carbide inserts with different coatings were used in order to identify the wear mechanisms that affect each of the coatings and the workpiece’s surface quality, evaluated through different roughness parameters. The vibration level produced throughout the various tests was also registered in an attempt to associate the type of coating or insert failure with the level of vibrations generated in the CNC (Computer Numeric Control) machining spindle. This allowed us to conclude that the tools coated with TiAlN via PVD showed better wear behavior, as well as creating workpiece surfaces with less roughness. Thus, it was clear that this coating presents strong advantages in the machining of the super duplex stainless steel chosen for this work, being an innovative work due to the combination of materials used and the approach in terms of vibration analysis applied to milling.

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Low‐Cycle Fatigue Performance of Directed Energy Deposited and Conventionally Manufactured Hybrid Gas Tungsten Arc‐Welded Duplex Stainless Steel Joints

Wegener,

Prowaznik,

Niendorf

et al. 2024

Adv Eng Mater

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Arc‐directed energy deposition (DED‐Arc) is a technology for the production of complex and large‐scaled components. It benefits from high deposition rates and low investment costs. However, to further expand the applications of additively manufactured parts, the possibility for implementation in conventionally manufactured assemblies is crucial. Therefore, this study focusses on the structural integrity of welded joints of DED‐Arc and as‐rolled duplex stainless steels and the welded and nonwelded as‐rolled benchmark. While the fraction of the constituents is almost balanced in the as‐rolled condition, the amount of austenite in the DED‐Arc specimens exceeds 60%. The similar weldment is predominantly ferritic and the hybrid welded joint contains ≈30% austenite, which is discussed based on the nickel concentration. Results from microstructure characterization are correlated to the superior yield and ultimate tensile strength of the as‐rolled condition. Under total strain‐controlled fatigue experiments, the hybrid welded joints exhibit enhanced fatigue lives at various strain amplitudes while the base material shows lowest fatigue resistance. Computed tomography and fractography conclude that the structural integrity is not governed by inherent defects, but instead the phase ratio and distribution yield significant differences in the cyclic deformation response as well as an asymmetry of the hysteretic stress–strain behavior.

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Weldability, machinability and surfacing of commercial duplex stainless steel AISI2205 for marine applications – A recent review

Abstract: Graphical abstract

Cited by 131 publications

References 92 publications

Microstructural Evolution Due to One Thermal Cycle in a Superduplex Stainless Steel ASTM A890/A890M - Grade 6A in the As-Weld and Post-Weld Heat Treatment Conditions

Microstructural Evolution Due to One Thermal Cycle in a Superduplex Stainless Steel ASTM A890/A890M - Grade 6A in the As-Weld and Post-Weld Heat Treatment Conditions

Machining GX2CrNiMoN26-7-4 DSS Alloy: Wear Analysis of TiAlN and TiCN/Al2O3/TiN Coated Carbide Tools Behavior in Rough End Milling Operations

Low‐Cycle Fatigue Performance of Directed Energy Deposited and Conventionally Manufactured Hybrid Gas Tungsten Arc‐Welded Duplex Stainless Steel Joints

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