Weldability of thermoplastic materials for friction stir welding- A state of art review and future applications

Kumar, Ranvijay; Singh, Rupinder; Ahuja, Inderpreet Singh; Penna, Rosa; Feo, Luciano

doi:10.1016/j.compositesb.2017.10.039

Cited by 126 publications

(47 citation statements)

References 215 publications

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“…Case 3 with primary recycled 100% LDPE (WP) and secondary recycled LDPE-DPS Al 2 O 3 (RT) and Case 4 primary recycled 100% HDPE (WP) and secondary recycled HDPE-TPS Al 2 O 3 (RT) were not considered as it was observed that WP and RT got joined with each other. This may be because of the fact that with similar base material, friction/friction-stir welding occurs, resulting in joining of the WP and RT in place of machining [25][26][27][28].…”

Section: Case 1: Primary Recycled Ldpe (100% Composition) Wp and Secomentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigations for machinability of primary recycled thermoplastics with secondary recycled rapid tooling

2019

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This paper highlights the machinability of primary recycled thermoplastics as workpiece (WP) material with secondary recycled (reinforced) thermoplastic composites as rapid tooling (RT). Both WP and RT have been 3D printed on commercial fused deposition modelling. For investigating machinability of primary recycled thermoplastics, un-reinforced WP of low-density polyethylene (LDPE) and high-density polyethylene (HDPE) has been selected. The RT materials were secondary reinforced (recycled) LDPE with double particle size Al 2 O 3 particles and HDPE with triple particle size Al 2 O 3. The machinability has been calculated in terms of weight loss of WP, while machining on a vertical milling setup. This study also reports the surface hardness, porosity, surface roughness (Ra) and photomicrographic observations of WP and RT under controlled machining conditions. Further thermal analysis suggests that primary recycled thermoplastic can be successfully machined with secondary recycled RT, resulting in improved thermal stability and surface properties.

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Section: Case 1: Primary Recycled Ldpe (100% Composition) Wp and Secomentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigations for machinability of primary recycled thermoplastics with secondary recycled rapid tooling

2019

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“…FDM is one of the low-cost techniques of AM which is used to prepare the functional prototypes of polymers/composites [12,13,14,15,16,17]. In FDM, parts are built layer by layer by heating a thermoplastic filament to a semi-liquid state and extruding it through a small nozzle per 3D CAD models in STL format [18,19].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multi-Material Additive Manufacturing of Sustainable Innovative Materials and Structures

et al. 2019

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This paper highlights the multi-material additive manufacturing (AM) route for manufacturing of innovative materials and structures. Three different recycled thermoplastics, namely acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS), polylactic acid (PLA), and high impact polystyrene (HIPS) (with different Young’s modulus, glass transition temperature, rheological properties), have been selected (as a case study) for multi-material AM. The functional prototypes have been printed on fused deposition modelling (FDM) setup as tensile specimens (as per ASTM D638 type-IV standard) with different combinations of top, middle, and bottom layers (of ABS/PLA/HIPS), at different printing speed and infill percentage density. The specimens were subjected to thermal (glass transition temperature and heat capacity) and mechanical testing (peak load, peak strength, peak elongation, percentage elongation at peak, and Young’s modulus) to ascertain their suitability in load-bearing structures, and the fabrication of functional prototypes of mechanical meta-materials. The results have been supported by photomicrographs to observe the microstructure of the analyzed multi-materials.

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“…Nevertheless, the tool of the FSW process should be capable of controlling the flow of the molten mass of the work-material to ensure complete filling of the weld interface without porous holes or other likely defects [12][13][14]. For instance, in [1], the authors presented a vi-blade welding tool consisting of a vibrating blade, connected to a vibrating shoe that vibrates inside the weld joint while the shoe moves on the surface.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

On the mechanical characteristics of friction stir welded dissimilar polymers: statistical analysis of the processing parameters and morphological investigations of the weld joint

Singh

Prakash

et al. 2020

J Braz. Soc. Mech. Sci. Eng.

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The applications of industrial polymers have grown extensively owing to the fact of their competent performance characteristics, at par with commonly used engineering materials, as well as technological breakthroughs. Friction stir welding (FSW) of thermoplastics is a recent approach that enabled the permanent joining of similar or dissimilar polymers with desirable efficacy. The primary purpose of the present study is to investigate the effect of friction stir welding process parameters on the welding characteristics (tensile and flexural strength) of the two dissimilar thermoplastics, high-density polythene and polyamide (PA-6). Processing parameters such as the number of passes, pre-heating temperature, tool speed, feed rate, and plunge-in-time have been selected as input parameters, and their influence on the above-mentioned mechanical properties has been studied through Taguchi L-18-based design of experimentation. Further, the morphological investigations of the weld interface and the fractured joint have been studied by using scanning electron microscopy. It has been found that the tool speed has contributed 27.88% and 58.46% in tensile and flexural strength, respectively, at 95% confidence level. Overall, it has been found that the process parameters of FSW have a strong influence on the joint's characteristics and shown importance to study for the futuristic developments in this technology.

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Weldability of thermoplastic materials for friction stir welding- A state of art review and future applications

Cited by 126 publications

References 215 publications

Investigations for machinability of primary recycled thermoplastics with secondary recycled rapid tooling

Investigations for machinability of primary recycled thermoplastics with secondary recycled rapid tooling

Multi-Material Additive Manufacturing of Sustainable Innovative Materials and Structures

On the mechanical characteristics of friction stir welded dissimilar polymers: statistical analysis of the processing parameters and morphological investigations of the weld joint

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