Welding and cutting of copper with high brightness lasers

Heat sources of hybrid laser–arc welding processes

“…Besides the already mentioned advantage of the possible beam delivery through optical fi bres, disc and fi bre lasers allow a strong focusing of the laser radiation to remarkably smaller focus radii if compared with typical focus dimensions reached with the established CO 2 laser (due to the longer wavelength of 10.6 μm) and the Nd:YAG laser (owing to thermal effects in the rod-shaped laser-active crystal). Thomy et al 2005, Verhaeghe and Hilton 2005, Kinoshita et al 2006, Liu et al 2006a, Ream 2006, Seefeld and O'Neill 2007, Göbel et al 2007, Beyer et al 2007, Zhang et al 2007, Brockmann et al 2007, Katayama et al 2007, Beyer 2008, Iammi 2008. Gapontsev et al 2007).…”