Welding Metallurgy of Corrosion Resistant 21st Century Ni-Based Superalloy 686

Arulmurugan, B.; Munusamy, Sathishkumar; Gokulkumar, K.; Mageshkumar, K.; Subramani, P.; Venkateshkannan, M.; Manikandan, .; Arivazhagan,

doi:10.1007/978-3-319-76276-0_47

Cited by 2 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…The presence of elongated chains of precipitates in the intercellular regions (Fig. 15 c) can significantly impair the mechanical properties of the weld overlay not only because they are brittle phases, but also due to their orientation, providing a preferential path for crack propagation which has been also reported by [5,8,10,16,29]. As for the columnar dendritic growth in the middle of the weld metal, the volumes for the formation of secondary phases became narrower due to the growth of secondary arms, which help to break the continuity of the secondary phases, making smaller particles and a more tortuous crack propagation path.…”

Section: Microstructure Examinationmentioning

confidence: 53%

“…14, where it can be seen that WFS generally has a negligible effect on DAS. Therefore, the primary DAS, near to the weld interface, was measured through SEM and optical microscopy analysis and was applied in the empirical equation 5 to obtain the cooling rate (𝜀̇ or 𝜕𝑇 𝜕𝑡 ) [25,33]: 𝐷𝐴𝑆 (𝜇𝑚) = 518.39(𝜀) −0.592 (5) In which the model constant values were assumed to be the same as IN718 because IN686 has almost similar thermal behavior as IN718 superalloy [25,33,34]. As a result, the cooling rate for the lowest weld heat input (S#8, HI= 3.62 kJ.cm -1 ) was calculated to be 2.35×10 3 °C.s -1 while the calculated value for the highest heat input sample (S#20, HI= 5.97 kJ.cm -1 ) was 1.08×10 3 °C.s -1 .…”

Section: Microstructure Examinationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Superalloy Inconel 686 (IN686) was developed in 1992 and was derived from conventionally employed alloy C-22 and C-276 due to the relatively low oxidation resistance of these alloys. Inconel 686 is an austenitic single-phase, solid solution strengthened nickel-chromium-molybdenum-tungsten (Ni-Cr-Mo-W) based superalloy [5]. Inconel 686 alloy is extensively used in the chemical processing, marine, petrochemical, mining, and oil and gas industries, for applications such as internal cladding of pipes, boilers, pressure vessels, and chemical reactors [5,8,9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Inconel 686 is an austenitic single-phase, solid solution strengthened nickel-chromium-molybdenum-tungsten (Ni-Cr-Mo-W) based superalloy [5]. Inconel 686 alloy is extensively used in the chemical processing, marine, petrochemical, mining, and oil and gas industries, for applications such as internal cladding of pipes, boilers, pressure vessels, and chemical reactors [5,8,9]. The presence of chromium (Cr) and molybdenum (Mo) in IN686 provides good resistance to oxidizing and reducing environmental damages; Cr is responsible for forming a surface oxide layer, while Mo increases resistance to localized corrosion by promoting re-passivation of the oxide film [10,11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The presence of chromium (Cr) and molybdenum (Mo) in IN686 provides good resistance to oxidizing and reducing environmental damages; Cr is responsible for forming a surface oxide layer, while Mo increases resistance to localized corrosion by promoting re-passivation of the oxide film [10,11]. The carbon (C) content of IN686 is restricted to 0.01 wt.%, which facilitates retardation of grain boundary precipitation in the heat-affected zone (HAZ) of welded areas to uphold the corrosion resistance [5]. Consequently, IN686 is endowed with exceptional resistance to oxidizing, reducing, and mixed acid environments including those containing halides.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Optimization of GMAW Process Parameters for Weld Overlay of Inconel 686 Superalloy on Low-Carbon Steel

Tabaie

Greene²,

Benoit³

2023

Preprint

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Weld overlays of Ni-based superalloys provide high-temperature corrosion, oxidation, and wear resistance for industrial applications. The objective of this study was to evaluate the microstructure of Ni-Cr-Mo superalloy Inconel 686 overlays fabricated using automatic gas metal arc welding (GMAW) with three different levels of voltage, travel speed, and wire feed speed. The variation of these parameters and their effects on the weld quality, dilution, and microsegregation were analyzed. The weld surface quality was assessed by visual examination. The weld dilution was measured by both geometric and chemical composition definitions. The maximum dilution was measured at 13.63%, induced by the highest weld heat input (5.97 kJ.cm− 1) and lowest wire feed speed (6 m.min− 1). The overlay dilution and the heat-affected zone (HAZ) size decreased by increasing the wire feed speed. However, increasing the wire feed speed and the heat input reduced the weld quality and even resulted in noncomplete joints. Microsegregation of elements was evaluated using energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) analysis and it was found that microsegregation of Mo and Cr and the volume fraction of secondary phases in the interdendritic areas increased with increasing the weld heat input. According to the visual examination results and macro- and microscopic evaluation, the weld overlay parameters were found to be optimized for the mid-level heat inputs (4–5 kJ.cm− 1) and wire feed speeds between 6 and 8 m.min− 1.

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Section: Microstructure Examinationmentioning

confidence: 53%

Section: Microstructure Examinationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Optimization of GMAW Process Parameters for Weld Overlay of Inconel 686 Superalloy on Low-Carbon Steel

Tabaie

Greene²,

Benoit³

2023

Preprint

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Effects of Heat Input and Intertrack Overlap on the Microstructure and Properties of Inconel 686 Weld Overlays

Tabaie,

Khodamoradi,

Greene

et al. 2024

Materials

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The objective of this study was to investigate how weld overlays with nickel superalloys are important for the integrity, due the high temperatures and corrosive environments that can be experienced in mineral processing environments, of mining and processing equipment. The Ni-Cr-Mo superalloy Inconel 686 overlays are fabricated through automatic gas metal arc welding with variations in arc voltage and travel speed (i.e., heat input), and they have overlap between adjacent weld tracks for applications in the mining and minerals sector. The impact of variations in the process parameters and the size of the weld overlapping on the dilution, solidification morphology, microsegregation, and microhardness were investigated. Both geometric and chemical composition definitions were used to quantify the extent of the weld dilution. Subsequently, the weld geometry and dilution were correlated with the solidification microstructure and phase transformations. The maximum dilutions were measured to be 13.63% (1/2 overlap, 5.96 kJ·cm−1) and 15.39% (1/3 overlap, 4.77 kJ·cm−1), which shows that less of an overlap increases the dilution level. Scanning electron microscopy and chemical composition analysis revealed that an increase in weld heat input and dilution level led to higher levels of microsegregation for Mo and Cr, as well as the volume fraction of Mo- and Cr-rich phases in the interdendritic/intercellular regions in the overlay layer. Analysis of the weld overlays in the current study revealed strong and unprecedented connections between the weld overlay process conditions, the resultant metallurgy (i.e., dendrite arm spacing, microsegregation, and phase formation), and the hardness of the overlay. It was concluded that the optimal weld overlays in the processing window studied in this investigation were fabricated at mid-level heat inputs (i.e., 4–5 kJ·cm−1) and a 1/2 track overlap.

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Welding Metallurgy of Corrosion Resistant 21st Century Ni-Based Superalloy 686

Cited by 2 publications

References 10 publications

Optimization of GMAW Process Parameters for Weld Overlay of Inconel 686 Superalloy on Low-Carbon Steel

Optimization of GMAW Process Parameters for Weld Overlay of Inconel 686 Superalloy on Low-Carbon Steel

Effects of Heat Input and Intertrack Overlap on the Microstructure and Properties of Inconel 686 Weld Overlays

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