Welfare effects of forestry best management practices in the United States

Sun, Changyou

doi:10.1139/x06-052

Cited by 20 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…Logging contractors in West Virginia paid an average of US$1,426 per employee for formal BMP training (Egan et al 1996). Loggers directly incur most of the BMP costs in both the lumber and paper sectors of the forest products industry (Sun 2006), but costs are typically passed to the land or timber owner through lower stumpage prices (Cubbage 2004). Montgomery et al (2005) found that BMP implementation and compliance in Arkansas led to a 3.5% decrease in annual tonnage produced from 1998 to 2005, reducing gross profits for all parties involved.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Effectiveness and implementation costs of overland skid trail closure techniques in the Virginia Piedmont

Sawyers¹,

Bolding²,

Aust³

et al. 2012

Journal of Soil and Water Conservation

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Soil erosion is influenced by factors such as soil properties, slope, ground cover, climatic conditions, and forest management activities, including skid trails. Skid trails typically represent 2% to 10% of a timber harvest's area; therefore, the potential to negatively affect site productivity and water quality as a result of harvesting is of concern. Soil erosion can reduce site nutrient reserves and increase sedimentation of nearby streams. Forestry best management practices (BMPs) are designed to provide effective techniques for maintaining environmental stability. Although BMPs are widely implemented, few data exist regarding the efficacy and costs of different BMP options for skid trail closure. The study objectives were to evaluate erosion control effectiveness and implementation costs of five overland skid trail closure techniques. The closure techniques were (1) waterbar only (Control), (2) waterbar plus seed (Seed), (3) waterbar plus seed and mulch (Mulch), (4) waterbar plus hardwood slash (Hardwood), and (5) waterbar plus pine slash (Pine). Each treatment was installed following harvesting and replicated on four trails to provide twenty experimental erosion plots. Geotextile sediment traps (Dirtbags) were used to filter skid trail sediment. Accumulated sediments were weighed monthly for one year, and erosion rates were determined for each treatment. Two commonly used erosion models, Universal Soil Loss Equation as modified for forests (USLE-Forest) and Water Erosion Prediction Project for Forest Roads (WEPPRoads), were also applied to each treatment. Sediment collected from traps indicated that the Mulch treatment was the most effective for reducing erosion (3.29 Mg ha -1 y -1 [1.47 tn ac -1 yr -1 ]), followed by Hardwood (5.08 Mg ha -1 y -1 [2.27 tn ac -1 yr -1 ]), Pine (5.40 Mg ha -1 y -1 [2.41 tn ac -1 yr -1 ]), Seed (13.57 Mg ha -1 y -1 [6.06 tn ac -1 yr -1 ]), and Control (24.24 Mg ha -1 y -1 [10.82 tn ac -1 yr -1 ]). Overall, WEPP-Roads estimates were more similar to measured erosion than USLE-Forest estimates, but both models generally agreed with actual erosion trends. The Seed treatment was the least expensive beyond waterbars alone, but it was only moderately effective at limiting erosion. Incorporating slash dispersal and compaction onto overland skid trails during harvesting activities may be the best option for reducing BMP costs and long term soil stability on disturbed soils associated with log skidding.

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mentioning

confidence: 99%

Effectiveness and implementation costs of overland skid trail closure techniques in the Virginia Piedmont

Sawyers¹,

Bolding²,

Aust³

et al. 2012

Journal of Soil and Water Conservation

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“…Second, this measurement is often obtained using sample means of an outdated econometric model that does not include the structural change that has occurred in recent years (Brown and Zhang 2005). These misspecifications can have significant effects, especially in the case where the model is investigating potential long run welfare changes associated with a given shock (Sun 2006). If the demand curve is assumed to be highly inelastic (as in the case of most of our SR estimates), then price changes will affect total welfare differently depending on the elasticity of the supply curve (which we found here to be price inelastic).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Most research in timber markets has focused on estimating econometric models of regional stumpage markets (Robinson 1974;Adams and Haynes 1980;Newman 1987). Other studies have considered the implications of specific policies (Brown and Zhang 2005;Wear and Murray 2004;and Sun 2006). For the most part, timber market studies have found stumpage demand to be price inelastic (table 1).…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Estimating welfare effects from supply shocks with dynamic factor demand models

Daigneault

Sohngen

Kim

2016

Forest Policy and Economics

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This paper examines how the demand for commodities adjusts to supply shocks, and shows the importance of capturing this adjustment process when calculating welfare effects. A dynamic capital adjustment model for U.S. softwood stumpage markets is developed, and compared to a traditional lagged adjustment model. The results show that timber markets in the U.S. adjusted to the large supply shock of the late 1980's over a 5 to 8 year period. Our short-run price elasticity estimates are similar to the existing literature, ranging from -0.002 to -0.253, although our estimates show that the demand is substantially more elastic in the long-run, with long-run elasticity estimates ranging from -0.134 to -0.506. If this adjustment in the demand function is taken into account when calculating welfare effects, the effects of the supply shock in timber markets of the late 1980's on consumer surplus declines by over 50% compared to the estimated effects when using the short-run model, and the total welfare effects decline by 37%.

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“…Jungtinių Tautų Gausu darbų, skirtų atskirų miškų ir visuomenės gerovės aspektų sąsajoms analizuoti: miškų įtaka ekonominei gerovei (Kant et al, 1996), gero miškų tvarkymo gerovės efektai (Sun, 2006), miškų ekosistemų paslaugų įtaka žmonių gerovei (Louman et al, 2009), klimato kaitos ir urbanizacijos sąsajos su miškais, žmonių sveikata ir gerovė (Hägerhäll et Pradėtos analizuoti miškų ūkio ir Darbotvarkės 2030 tikslų bei uždavinių sąsajos. Tampriausias ryšys nustatomas su 15 tikslu "Saugoti, atkurti ir skatinti darnų sausumos ekosistemų naudojimą, darniai valdyti miškus, kovoti su dykumėjimu, sustabdyti žemės būklės blogėjimą ir pakeisti šį procesą priešinga kryptimi bei sustabdyti biologinės įvairovės praradimą."…”

Section: įVadasunclassified

Assessment of forestry impact on society’s welfare in Lithuania

Mizaras¹,

Lukminė²,

Doftartė³

2019

zemesukiomokslai

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Effective formation and implementation of forest policy can only be achieved with the orientation to the ultimate goal – increasing society’s welfare. The problem is that at present, the impact of forestry on society’s welfare is not determined. There are no dedicated research and methodology. The aim of the study is to assess the impact of Lithuanian forestry on the welfare of society. In order to achieve this aim, a method has been developed based on society’s welfare and forestry sustainability assessment methodologies and for the first time the impact of Lithuanian forestry on society’s welfare has been assessed. The assessment method is based on multicriteria methods. Components of the assessment process are as follows: 1) criteria and indicators; 2) comparison of society’s welfare and forestry indicators; 3) importance of criteria and indicators; 4) assessment of the impact of forestry on society’s welfare. The article describes the methods of the assessment of society’s welfare and forestry sustainability, a method for assessing the impact of Lithuanian forestry on society’s welfare and the results of this impact assessment. A slight increase in the impact of Lithuanian forests on society’s welfare was estimated: 14.5% in 2005, 17.3% in 2010 and 17.6% in 2015.

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Welfare effects of forestry best management practices in the United States

Cited by 20 publications

References 24 publications

Effectiveness and implementation costs of overland skid trail closure techniques in the Virginia Piedmont

Effectiveness and implementation costs of overland skid trail closure techniques in the Virginia Piedmont

Estimating welfare effects from supply shocks with dynamic factor demand models

Assessment of forestry impact on society’s welfare in Lithuania

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