Welfare Reform and the Health of Young Children

Cook, John T.; Frank, Deborah A.; Berkowitz, Carol D.; Black, Maureen M.; Casey, Patrick H.; Cutts, Diana; Meyers, Alan; Zaldivar, Nieves; Skalicky, Anne; Levenson, Suzette; Heeren, Timothy

doi:10.1001/archpedi.156.7.678

Cited by 59 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…These include study site, child's age in months, race/ethnicity, health insurance status, and daycare attendance, whether the child's mother was born in the US (99% of all children were born in the US), caregiver's age, employment, marital and education status, whether the household received Supplemental Security Income (SSI), Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants and Children (WIC), Food Stamp Program (FSP), or Temporary Assistance for Needy Families (TANF). Further description of the form of these variables is described elsewhere (18).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Child Food Insecurity Increases Risks Posed by Household Food Insecurity to Young Children’s Health

Cook

Frank

Levenson

et al. 2006

The Journal of Nutrition

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256

158

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The US Food Security Scale (USFSS) measures household and child food insecurity (CFI) separately. Our goal was to determine whether CFI increases risks posed by household food insecurity (HFI) to child health and whether the Food Stamp Program (FSP) modifies these effects. From 1998From to 2004 caregivers of children ages 36 mo were interviewed in six urban medical centers. Interviews included demographics, the USFSS, child health status, and hospitalization history. Ten percent reported HFI, 12% HFI and CFI (H&CFI). Compared with food-secure children, those with HFI had significantly greater adjusted odds of fair/poor health and being hospitalized since birth, and those with H&CFI had even greater adverse effects. Participation in the FSP modified the effects of FI on child health status and hospitalizations, reducing, but not eliminating, them. Children in FSP-participating households that were HFI had lower adjusted odds of fair/poor health [1.37 (95% CI, 1.06-1.77)] than children in similar non-FSP households [1.61 (95% CI, 1.31-1.98)]. Children in FSP-participating households that were H&CFI also had lower adjusted odds of fair/ poor health [1.72 (95% CI, 1.34-2.21)] than in similar non-FSP households [2.14 (95% CI, 1.81-2.54)]. HFI is positively associated with fair/poor health and hospitalizations in young children. With H&CFI, odds of fair/poor health and hospitalizations are even greater. Participation in FSP reduces, but does not eliminate, effects of FI on fair/poor health.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Child Food Insecurity Increases Risks Posed by Household Food Insecurity to Young Children’s Health

Cook

Frank

Levenson

et al. 2006

The Journal of Nutrition

Self Cite

256

158

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“…46 A recent report demonstrated that children in families whose benefits were terminated or reduced had greater likelihood of being food insecure. 47 The loss of food stamps in this context is of particular concern as food stamps have been shown to increase the nutrient intake of children in impoverished families. 48 While research to date does not allow understanding as to whether food insecurity is an independent cause of negative CHRQOL, one can conclude that food insecurity is independently associated with negative CHRQOL.…”

Section: Commentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Child Health-Related Quality of Life and Household Food Security

Casey¹,

Szeto²,

Robbins³

et al. 2005

Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med

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208

130

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“…For instance, a high state tax burden on low-income families increases the risk of food insecurity, and at least some work has documented a link between reductions in welfare benefits and greater risk of food insecurity. 28,30,31 The economic context also plays a role, with greater risk of food insecurity in states with higher unemployment rates, higher housing costs, and higher energy costs. 28,32,33 The demographic and contextual characteristics of states can explain most of the cross-state differences in food insecurity rates, 34 yet much less is known about the extent and causes of local variation in food insecurity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Local Characteristics Are Linked to Food Insecurity Among Households With Elementary School Children

Bartfeld

Ryu

Wang³

2010

Journal of Hunger & Environmental Nutrition

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This study assessed the relationship between community characteristics and household food security status among elementary school children in Wisconsin. Data were from a self-administered survey of parents of elementary school children during 2003-2005 andwere linked by ZIP code to data on community characteristics. The sample included 8396 households. Food security was measured with the standard 6-item Food Security Scale. A logistic regression model was estimated to measure the relationship between contextual characteristics and household food security status while also controlling for household characteristics. Higher local housing costs, lack of access to public and private transportation, very low proximity to supermarkets and grocery stores, and living in a more urban area all significantly increased the risk of household food insecurity.

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Welfare Reform and the Health of Young Children

Abstract: Terminating or reducing welfare benefits by sanctions, or decreasing benefits because of changes in income or expenses, is associated with greater odds that young children will experience food insecurity and hospitalizations.

Cited by 59 publications

References 42 publications

Child Food Insecurity Increases Risks Posed by Household Food Insecurity to Young Children’s Health

Child Food Insecurity Increases Risks Posed by Household Food Insecurity to Young Children’s Health

Child Health-Related Quality of Life and Household Food Security

Local Characteristics Are Linked to Food Insecurity Among Households With Elementary School Children

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