Well‐controlled polymerization of 2‐azidoethyl methacrylate at near room temperature and click functionalization

Li, Yu; Yang, Junwei; Benicewicz, Brian C.

doi:10.1002/pola.22172

Cited by 110 publications

(96 citation statements)

References 53 publications

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“…As an example the synthesis of triazole-functionalized polymers by combination of reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer polymerization (RAFT) and the CuAAC reaction as reported by Benicewicz shall be presented (Scheme 26). [85] In this study, pre-and postfunctionalization have been compared and turned out to be equally successful strategies. This means that the azido group in the monomer is inert towards the conditions of the polymerization reaction.…”

Section: Cuaac In Polymer Sciencementioning

confidence: 99%

Highly Active Dinuclear Copper Catalysts for Homogeneous Azide–Alkyne Cycloadditions

et al. 2012

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It is better to light a candle than to curse the dark. AbstractThe copper-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition for the synthesis of 1,4-disubstituted 1,2,3-triazoles (CuAAC) is a variant of Huisgen's 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition which disburdens the thermal reaction from its major drawbacks such as poor regioselectivity, long reaction times and harsh conditions. In contrast to the widely used "black box" reagent mixtures, a molecularly defined, highly active catalyst system for homogeneous CuAAC reactions has been developed in this PhD project. In dependence on the postulated stepwise mechanism, its most important structural feature is the presence of two copper(I) ions irreversibly bound in the same catalyst molecule.A highly modular and profitable synthesis for bistriazolium hexafluorophosphate salts as precursors for the ancillary ligand system was devised. In analogy to the CuAAC catalyst systems of general formula [(NHC) 2 Cu]PF 6 described in literature, novel dinuclear copper(I) complexes with a bistriazolylidene ligand backbone and 1,3-bis(2,6-diisopropylphenyl)-imidazol-2-ylidene (IPr) as sacrificial ligand were prepared.However, these complexes did not show the expected high catalytic activity, most probably due to the strong coordination of the IPr ligands. In consequence, another family of dinuclear copper(I) complexes with m-coordinated acetate as labile ligand was synthesized by reaction of the bistriazolium hexafluorophosphate ligand precursors with copper(I) acetate in the presence of a base.The broad applicability and high catalytic activity of one of these bistriazolylidene dicopper acetate complexes was confirmed by a series of gaschromatographically mo-

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Section: Cuaac In Polymer Sciencementioning

confidence: 99%

Highly Active Dinuclear Copper Catalysts for Homogeneous Azide–Alkyne Cycloadditions

et al. 2012

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“…St [184] MMA [88] 323 [185] 40 [186] S S O O St [186] St-b-MAH [186] St-b-MAH-b-NIPAM [186] 41* [187,188] S S (MMA) [64,187,189] BA [187] EHA [188] St [190] TBAM [191] DEAM [187] DMAM [187] NAM [191] NIPAM [187,189] BA/St [192] EHA-b-MA [188] TBAM-b-NAM [191] DMAM/NAS [193] NAM-b-TBAM [191] 42* S S Ph CN MMA [194] 376 [195] 376-b-MMA [195] BA [196] MMA [189] NIPAM [189] MMA-b-NIPAM [189] MMA/283 [197] MMA/284 [197] St/2VP [198] St/348 [199] THPA-b-St [200] THPA-b-St/373 [201] 44 [202] [200] 47 [203] …”

Section: Choice Of Raft Agentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Styrene derivatives subjected to RAFT polymerization 348 [100,199] O 349 [138] O N N N 350 [158,309] N VBTAC 351 [159] Cl Ϫ Nϩ 352 [459] HN O 353 [321] O F F F F 354 [313] O F F F F 355 [313] [244] VBTPC 359 [34] Cl Ϫ P ϩ 360 [244] 361 [250] O N O 362 [207] O O O 363 [134] O O O Fe 364 [102] N 365 [102] N Table 23. Vinyl derivatives subjected to RAFT polymerization 366 [380] N 367 [380] N 368 [380] N 369 [390] N O O G. Moad, E. Rizzardo, and S. H. Thang [111,135] 370 [135,146] 375 [136] 376 [195] 377 [150] 378 [410] O O (H 3 C) 3 Si 372 [338,346,347] 373 [201] 374 [459] O [466] NAS 380 [160,299,317,345,347] 381 [178] 382 [222] [149,…”

Section: End-functional Polymers and End-group Transformationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Living Radical Polymerization by the RAFT Process - A Second Update

Moad¹,

Rizzardo²,

Thang³

2009

Aust. J. Chem.

906

720

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This paper provides a second update to the review of reversible deactivation radical polymerization achieved with thiocarbonylthio compounds (ZC(=S)SR) by a mechanism of reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) that was published in June 2005 (Aust. J. Chem. 2005, 58, 379-410). The first update was published in November 2006 (Aust. J. Chem. 2006, 59, 669-692). This review cites over 500 papers that appeared during the period mid-2006 to mid-2009 covering various aspects of RAFT polymerization ranging from reagent synthesis and properties, kinetics and mechanism of polymerization, novel polymer syntheses and a diverse range of applications. Significant developments have occurred, particularly in the areas of novel RAFT agents, techniques for end-group removal and transformation, the production of micro/nanoparticles and modified surfaces, and biopolymer conjugates both for therapeutic and diagnostic applications.

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“…35) using CuAAC to provide second order non-linear optical PA's. [121] Li et al [122] functionalized poly(azidoethylmethacrylate) with phenylacetylene using CuAAC and compared pre-and postfunctionalization. Both methods gave well defined polymers with quantitative formation of triazole.…”

Section: General Considerationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polymer “Clicking” by CuAAC Reactions

Meldal

2008

Macromol. Rapid Commun.

330

151

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The CuAAC “click” reaction has developed as one of the most useful and widely employed reactions in ligation within polymer chemistry. This is due to the unique properties of the Cu(I) catalysis which renders the reaction quantitative even at low concentrations, orthogonal with other chemistries and extremely robust. The formed triazole on the other hand is of intermediate polarity and chemically and biochemically “invisible”, and the CuAAC provides the ideal “click” reaction for stitching together polymer architectures of unprecedended complexity as was it molecular LEGO. The CuAAC “clicking” in polymer chemistry is increasing exponentially and lead to highly defined polymer materials with novel properties.magnified image

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Well‐controlled polymerization of 2‐azidoethyl methacrylate at near room temperature and click functionalization

Cited by 110 publications

References 53 publications

Highly Active Dinuclear Copper Catalysts for Homogeneous Azide–Alkyne Cycloadditions

Highly Active Dinuclear Copper Catalysts for Homogeneous Azide–Alkyne Cycloadditions

Living Radical Polymerization by the RAFT Process - A Second Update

Polymer “Clicking” by CuAAC Reactions

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