The reactivity of oxygen evolution reaction (OER) electrocatalysts can be effectively controlled by the subtle design of their morphologies, composition, and surface defects. Herein, the hierarchical core−shell-structured NiCo 2 O 4 @NiCo 2 O 4 microspheres (NCO-2) are synthesized by a "self-composition" strategy in the onepot hydrothermal process followed by calcination. The unique nanoarchitecture of NCO-2 has NiCo 2 O 4 solid microspheres as the core and ultrathin porous NiCo 2 O 4 nanosheets as the shell, acting synergistically with the surface oxygen vacancies, which can afford more efficient active sites and shorten the transportation/diffusion path for electrons and electrolyte ions, thus evidently optimizing the OER kinetics. Consequently, the obtained NCO-2 exhibits significant electrocatalytic activity with a low overpotential of ∼350 mV and long-term stability of 30 h at 10 mA cm −2 in a 1.0 M KOH electrolyte, which outperforms those of NiCo 2 O 4 with diverse morphologies (solid sphere, urchin-like, and hollow structures) and commercial IrO 2 . This approach provides a promising route to design intricate catalyst structures for OER applications.