We investigate the existence and uniqueness issues of the 3D incompressible Hall-magnetohydrodynamic system supplemented with initial velocity u 0 and magnetic field B 0 in critical regularity spaces.In the case where u 0 , B 0 and the current J 0 := ∇ × B 0 belong to the homo-and are small enough, we establish a global result and the conservation of higher regularity. If the viscosity is equal to the magnetic resistivity, then we obtain the global well-posedness provided u 0 , B 0 and J 0 are small enough in the larger Besov spaceḂ 1 2 2,r , r ≥ 1. If r = 1, then we also establish the local existence for large data, and exhibit continuation criteria for solutions with critical regularity.Our results rely on an extended formulation of the Hall-MHD system, that has some similarities with the incompressible Navier-Stokes equations.