Were valuable art works an economic form of money during  the German Third Reich Period and its aftermath?

Gentle, Paul F.; Giliberti, Marco

doi:10.21511/pmf.06(4).2017.04

Cited by 7 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 5 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…How well do they retain value? Compared to the other items considered in Gentle, 2016Gentle, , 2018Gentle et al, 2017 and the Stone money of Yap, gold and silver have held their value quite well (Abdullah, 2013;Hart, 2013). Although very select paintings hold their value, as a general rule, art work is not a comparatively good investment, in monetary terms.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Stone Money of Yap as an Early form of Money in the Economic Sense

Gentle

2021

FMIR

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

This article examines the special case of stone money, in Yap as a store of value, medium of exchange and unit of account, which are the three traits required for something to be considered money, in the economic sense. When confidence in a system of currency with coins is present, this more conventional form of money takes precedence. A respected economic form of currency with coins has all three elements of money: medium of exchange, store of value and unit of account. Though clearly, in a certain time period, stone money was the principle type of money. To a lesser extent, beads and shell were used as money. So, for a period of time, stone money, along with some use of beads and shells, constituted the medium of exchange. The focus of this article is on the stone money of Yap. Stone was obtained by quarrying on the island of Palau, some 500 to 600 years ago. A very interesting type of money in the past, was the stone money of Yap, more formally known as Rai, or Fei. These were doughnut-shaped, carved disks of normally calcite and, up to 4 meters (12 feet) in diameter. However, there are more smaller ones, with the smallest being as little as 3.5 centimeters (1.4 inches) in diameter. The people of Yap attributed value to the Rai. After the use of Rai faded away, German Marks and then later Japanese Yen and finally the U.S. Dollar, were the monetary standard. The prior use of Rai is the main interest of this article. Today Yap is an independent country, in a “free association” with the United States. A curriculum that somewhat resembles an American one is taught in schools on Yap. Tourism to Yap is an important activity. Currently, the U.S. dollar serves as the basis for money in the nation of Yap. It has been found that this stone money met the three criteria necessary for them to be an early type of money.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Both economics and anthropology can simultaneously add to many discussions of social science topics. (Gentle, 2016;Gentle and Giliberti, 2017;Gentle, 2018).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stone Money of Yap as an Early form of Money in the Economic Sense

Gentle

2021

FMIR

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The impact of participatory financing on the development of local communities was analyzed in the work of Petrushenko et al (2017). The effect of the peculiar features of territorial and regional development on the formation of municipal budgets was analyzed by Kuzkin (2018). There are also scientific publications that examine the impact of fiscal decentralization on the sustainable development of regions and communities (Chygryn et al, 2018; Tulai, 2016; Kozarezenko et al, 2018).…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

The impact of decentralization on the financial support of regional development

Тулай

Petrushenko

Glova

et al. 2019

Investment Management and Financial Innovations

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Nowadays in Ukrainian realities decentralization, as a process of expanding and strengthening the rights and powers of administrative-territorial units, contributes to the development of financial innovations, the accessibility of public goods, and improvements in the quality of life of the population.The aim of the article goal is developing the recommendations for improving the financial support of the regions by introducing new tools of influence of communities and local self-governments on the economic growth of territories.Using the methods of factor analysis, regression analysis, and significant components, the article determines the impact of regional economic development on the revenues of local budgets. The empirical findings show the close correlation between budgetary decentralization and industrial capabilities of the regions. A cluster analysis was carried out to identify the asymmetries of regional development in terms of financial capacity. It enabled to distinguish homogeneous groups of areas according to the indicators of their economic development. On this basis the authors substantiated the necessity of entrepreneurial activity stimulating, increasing the number of companies, and promoting a continuous flow of goods (works, services) from the producer to the consumer in different regions of Ukraine.

show abstract

“…So, the relationships between different people of a certain wealth class and situation, such as Nazis being on the run, would account for some of the value of these paintings, as they could thus be sold or traded more easily, but only amongst a very small number of people. Therefore, the medium of exchange requirement for being money was not met by the valuable paintings (Gentle, 2017).…”

Section: Defining Money and Examplesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Were tobacco warehouse receipts an economic form of money during part of the Colonial period in Virginia?

Gentle¹

2018

Public and Municipal Finance

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

This article examines the special use of tobacco warehouse receipts as a store of value, medium of exchange and unit of account in Virginia during part of the British Colonial period. These receipts met the three criteria necessary for them to be a type of money. When confidence in a system of currency with coins is present, this more conventional form of money takes precedence. A respected economic form of currency with coins has all three elements of money: medium of exchange, store of value and unit of account. Tobacco warehouse receipts were used as a form of money in Colonial Virginia. They were used since there was insufficient gold or silver for the commerce in British Colonial Virginia at that time. Also, the concept of store of value is examined in detail.

show abstract

Were valuable art works an economic form of money during the German Third Reich Period and its aftermath?

Cited by 7 publications

References 5 publications

Stone Money of Yap as an Early form of Money in the Economic Sense

Stone Money of Yap as an Early form of Money in the Economic Sense

The impact of decentralization on the financial support of regional development

Were tobacco warehouse receipts an economic form of money during part of the Colonial period in Virginia?

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About