Western corn rootworm ( Diabrotica virgifera virgifera LeConte) and the crop rotation systems in Europe.

Abstract

This chapter presents an overview on the hypotheses for the development of the new rotation-tolerant Western corn rootworm (WCR) variant, attraction of different crops to WCR adults and their feeding on non-maize crops, development of WCR adults in maize following different crops, and population level of WCT adults in different crop stands in the USA. Results are also presented of an experiment conducted in Hungary in 2000.

Adaptation and Invasiveness of Western Corn Rootworm: Intensifying Research on a Worsening Pest

“…an event that results in a reproductive isolation of a smaller group of individuals from the main population of a species, resulting in a narrower germplasm for natural selection to act upon systems, but it is widely accepted that European farmers use a more diverse array of cropping systems (45), rotate more often with a greater variety of crops, and frequently utilize relatively small fields compared with farmers in the U.S. Corn Belt. However, in some areas of Europe, such as the southern Rhine Valley of Germany, large maize fields are used for grain production.…”

“…Presently, the rotation of maize with a nonhost crop is the primary pest management option for producers throughout Europe (45). If the variant western corn rootworm is discovered in Europe, maize producers most likely will resort initially to seed treatments, followed by soil insecticides and perhaps transgenic maize.…”

Scientific Opinion on an application from Pioneer Hi‐Bred International and Dow AgroSciences LLC (EFSA‐GMO‐NL‐2005‐23) for placing on the market of genetically modified maize 59122 for food and feed uses, import, processing and cultivation under Regulation (EC) No 1829/2003

“…Pest management options for WCR are usually directed towards reducing larval feeding and consist of crop rotation, the use of maize seed coated with systemic insecticides and the application of soil insecticides (applied at planting) (Levine and Oloumi-Sadeghi, 1991;Széll et al, 2005;Boriani et al, 2006;Ma et al, 2009;van Rozen and Ester, 2010;Meissle et al, 2011b). Crop rotation is highly effective in controlling WCR, as females lay their eggs mainly in maize fields and the larvae hatching in the following year do not survive well on other crop roots (Levine and Oloumi-Sadeghi, 1991;Kiss et al, 2005b;Boriani et al, 2006;Meissle et al, 2011b). Foliar broad-spectrum insecticides are sometimes applied to suppress adult populations, especially in continuous maize, in order to decrease egg laying by adult females and hence the number of overwintering eggs and hatching larvae in the following year (Levine and Oloumi-Sadeghi, 1991;Boriani et al, 2006).…”

Évaluation socioéconomique des politiques phytosanitaires. Le cas de la chrysomèle du maïs

“…On notera la relation linéaire entre la racine carrée de l'aire occupée et le temps (√A = r(t)√π = 33,3t√π (R2 = 0,98) avec t le temps et r(t) le rayon de l'aire occupé par Diabrotica), (Reynaud, 2010). Celui-ci prend en compte les conditions initiales d'infestation dans le foyer alsacien, les paramètres biologiques de l'insecte (Toepfer, Kuhlman, 2006) et l'eficacité des méthodes de lutte associant rotation et larvicides (Barcic et al, 2007 ;Delos, 2010 ;Gray et al, 2009 ;Kiss et al, 2005 ;Levine et al, 1992). Les valeurs retenues sont respectivement 5 pour la mesure européenne et 1,43 pour la mesure nationale (une valeur de 5 correspondant à une division par 5 de la vitesse de déplacement du front d'attaque par rapport à une situation sans mesure).…”