Wet deposition of mercury at Lhasa, the capital city of Tibet

Huang, Jie; Kang, Shichang; Wang, Shuxiao; Wang, Long; Zhang, Qianggong; Guo, Junming; Wang, Kang; Zhang, Guoshuai; Tripathee, Lekhendra

doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2013.01.003

Cited by 63 publications

(45 citation statements)

References 65 publications

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“…3). This pattern is consistent with previous observations in rural and urban areas of China (Huang et al, , 2013Ma et al, 2016). Higher Hg concentrations in precipitation during the winter dry season were potentially due to elevated wintertime atmospheric PBM concentrations in China (Fu et al, 2008;Zhang et al, 2013;Xu et al, 2014;Zhu et al, 2014), which could be incorporated into wet deposition via scavenging processes below cloud.…”

Section: Precipitation Hg Concentrations and Deposition Fluxessupporting

confidence: 92%

“…Simian, southwestern China, ranged from 4.0 to 10.9 ng L −1 and from 1.8 to 15.4 µg m −2 yr −1 , respectively Ma et al, 2016). However, the VWM Hg concentration at the GY site was 1.0-4.4 times lower than the levels (12.3-52.9 ng L −1 ) observed in other urban areas of China, and the wet deposition fluxes of Hg at the GY site were consequently lower than those (14.0-56.5 µg m −2 yr −1 ) in the urban areas of China, with the exception of the flux observed in Lhasa of the Tibetan Plateau (flux: 8.2 µg m −2 yr −1 ) (Wang et al, 2009Huang et al, 2013;Xu et al, 2014;Zhu et al, 2014).…”

Section: Precipitation Hg Concentrations and Deposition Fluxesmentioning

confidence: 76%

“…In addition, other factors, including tree species, a "leaf maintenance" period, and regional environmental factors, should also play a more important role in litterfall Hg concentrations. Hg concentrations in litterfall at the MDM site were (Huang et al, , 2013Xu et al, 2014;Zhu et al, 2014;Ma et al, 2016). Black and red values above the columns correspond to VWM concentration and wet deposition of Hg, respectively. found to increase from July to December (correlation slope = 7.0 ± 0.7 ng g −1 mon −1 , r 2 = 0.78, p < 0.01; litterfall was not collected during January-June due to little production of litterfall biomass).…”

Section: Litterfall Hg Concentrations and Deposition Fluxesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…T. Zhang et al, 2012;Chen et al, 2013;Zhu et al, 2014;Fu et al, 2015bFu et al, , 2016Ma et al, 2016). (Wang, 2006;Fu et al, 2011Fu et al, , 2015bHuang et al, 2012;Wang et al, 2012;Zhu et al, 2012Zhu et al, , 2014Huang et al, 2013;Xu et al, 2014Xu et al, , 2015. Figure 5 shows the comparison of wet deposition and litterfall fluxes of Hg as well as TGM/GEM, PBM, and GOM concentrations in China, North America, and Europe.…”

Section: Relative Contribution Of Wet and Litterfall Deposition To Tomentioning

confidence: 99%

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Atmospheric wet and litterfall mercury deposition at urban and rural sites in China

Yang

Lang

et al. 2016

Atmos. Chem. Phys.

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Abstract. Mercury (Hg) concentrations and deposition fluxes in precipitation and litterfall were measured at multiple sites (six rural sites and an urban site) across a broad geographic area in China. The annual deposition fluxes of Hg in precipitation at rural sites and an urban site were 2.0 to 7.2 and 12.6 ± 6.5 µg m −2 yr −1 , respectively. Wet deposition fluxes of Hg at rural sites showed a clear regional difference with elevated deposition fluxes in the subtropical zone, followed by the temporal zone and arid/semi-arid zone. Precipitation depth is the primary influencing factor causing the variation of wet deposition. Hg fluxes through litterfall ranged from 22.8 to 62.8 µg m −2 yr −1 , higher than the wet deposition fluxes by a factor of 3.9 to 8.7 and representing approximately 75 % of the total Hg deposition at the forest sites in China. This suggests that uptake of atmospheric Hg by foliage is the dominant pathway to remove atmospheric Hg in forest ecosystems in China. Wet deposition fluxes of Hg at rural sites of China were generally lower compared to those in North America and Europe, possibly due to a combination of lower precipitation depth, lower GOM concentrations in the troposphere and the generally lower cloud base heights at most sites that wash out a smaller amount of GOM and PBM during precipitation events.

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Section: Precipitation Hg Concentrations and Deposition Fluxessupporting

confidence: 92%

Section: Precipitation Hg Concentrations and Deposition Fluxesmentioning

confidence: 76%

Section: Litterfall Hg Concentrations and Deposition Fluxesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Relative Contribution Of Wet and Litterfall Deposition To Tomentioning

confidence: 99%

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Atmospheric wet and litterfall mercury deposition at urban and rural sites in China

Yang

Lang

et al. 2016

Atmos. Chem. Phys.

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“…Atmospheric mercury exists primarily in three forms based on its chemical and physical properties, including gaseous elemental mercury (GEM), reactive gaseous mercury (RGM), and particulate mercury (Hg p ) (Schroeder and Munthe, 1998;Lin and Pehkonen, 1999;Poissant et al, 2005;Feng and Qiu, 2008;Jen et al, 2012;Huang et al, 2013). Collectively, sum of GEM and RGM are referred as total gaseous mercury (TGM), while sum of GEM, RGM, and Hg p are referred as total atmospheric mercury (TAM).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Field Measurement of Total Gaseous Mercury and Its Correlation with Meteorological Parameters and Criteria Air Pollutants at a Coastal Site of the Penghu Islands

Jen

Chen

Hung

et al. 2014

Aerosol Air Qual. Res.

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This study investigated the seasonal and daily variations of the total gaseous mercury (TGM) concentration in the ambient atmosphere, the correlation of TGM concentration with meteorological parameters (e.g., temperature, humidity, and wind speed) and criteria air pollutant concentrations (e.g., SO 2 , NO x , CO, O 3 , PM 10 , and PM 2.5 ), as well as the transportation routes, at the Penghu Islands. The field measurement results showed that the average TGM concentration during the monitoring period was 3.17 ± 1.17 ng/m 3 , within the range of 1.17-8.63 ng/m 3 , with the highest concentration being observed in spring, while the TGM concentration typically increased in the morning, reached its peak concentration, and then started to decrease at nightfall. Moreover, the lowest average TGM concentration of 1.81 ± 0.15 ng/m 3 was observed in summer, and this figure is close to the background TGM concentration of the Northern Hemisphere (1.6-1.8 ng/m 3 ). The correlation analysis indicated that TGM concentration correlated positively with SO 2 , NO x , CO, O 3 , PM 10 , PM 2.5 and negatively with ambient temperature, relative humidity, and wind speed. In addition, the transportation route analysis showed that elevated TGM concentrations could be transported from either North China, East China, or South China to the Penghu Islands, while those originating from the South China Sea had the lowest contribution to the TGM levels at the Penghu Islands. Therefore, local sources and open burning might be mainly influenced by the long-range transportation of air masses, as the prevailing wind direction and air mass transportation routes potentially play critical roles in the variation of TGM concentration at the Penghu Islands.

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