Wet–dry cycles affect dissolved organic carbon in two California agricultural soils

Lundquist, E.J; Jackson, Louise E.; Scow, Kate M.

doi:10.1016/s0038-0717(99)00017-6

Cited by 256 publications

(137 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…The results of this study are in agreement with those obtained by Lundquist et al (1999), who concluded that SDOC contents under moist soil conditions do not appear to consistently relate to C availability to microorganisms. Similarly, MBC was not related SDOC when red clover was added, regardless of the levels of WFPS (data not shown).…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 92%

“…In a long-term study, Drury et al (1998) found that levels of MBC were frequently higher in 10-to 20-cm than in 0-to 10-cm soil depth, and not always correlated with SDOC in fertilized corn (Zea mays L.) plots. Results obtained by Lundquist et al (1999) showed that SDOC was reversely related to MBC and concluded that SDOC contents under moist soil conditions do not appear to consistently indicate C availability to microorganisms. These results indicate that the relationships between SDOC and MBC may be a function of soil properties, such as soil texture and nutrient status, which may further interactively affect the relationships with soil moisture (Drury et al 2003).…”

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confidence: 99%

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Soil dissolved organic carbon: Influences of water-filled pore space and red clover addition and relationships with microbial biomass carbon

Zhang¹,

Drury²

2004

Can. J. Soil. Sci.

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. 2004. Soil dissolved organic carbon: Influences of water-filled pore space and red clover addition and relationships with microbial biomass carbon. Can. J. Soil Sci. 84: 151-158. Soil dissolved organic carbon (SDOC) plays an important role in organic C cycling and translocation of nutrients and pollutants in the soil profile. Soil microbial biomass C (MBC) has been used as an indicator of soil quality. Both SDOC and MBC may be affected by management practices and indigenous soil properties, which however are not fully understood. Using a laboratory incubation technique, we determined the effects of red clover (Trifolium pratense L.) addition and soil water saturation as expressed in water-filled pore space (WFPS, 20-95%) on soil SDOC and MBC in three soils from Ontario. The levels of SDOC were the greatest at 20% WFPS, and decreased with increases in WFPS up to 95%. In comparison with the control, addition of red clover increased SDOC by up to 72% at 20% WFPS, but the effect was minimal or insignificant at WFPS above 50%. Reduction of SDOC with increases of WFPS both with and without red clover was attributed to the increased mineralization of labile organic C, as indicated by CO 2 production. Regardless of the legume amendment, soil available N (e.g., mineral N), labile organic C (e.g. initial level of SDOC) or the variable derived from these two measurements, available C:N ratio, were the factors predominately affecting dynamics of SDOC at WPFS from 20 to 50% after 1-mo incubation and at WFPS from 20 to 65% with extended incubation to 3-mo. Soil factors affecting SDOC at WFPS above 85% were total N and pH without red clover, but changed to organic C and soil labile organic C with red clover. High levels of MBC were found to occur mostly with the high WFPS, and were enhanced by red clover addition only in the Perth silt loam. Soil dissolved organic C was significantly related to MBC with WFPS from 20 to 65% without red clover. No relationships between SDOC and MBC were found at WFPS above 65% without red clover and at WFPS from 20 to 95% with red clover. Soil factors affecting SDOC and the availability of SDOC to microbial activity are WFPS dependent and related to soil legume amendment. Le carbone organique dissous dans le sol (CODS) joue un rôle important dans le cycle du carbone (C) organique et dans la translocation des éléments nutritifs et des polluants dans le sol. On se sert parfois du carbone de la biomasse microbienne (CBM) pour déterminer la qualité du sol. Cependant, le CODS et le CBM peuvent subir l'influence des pratiques culturales et des propriétés naturelles du sol, qu'on comprend mal. Les auteurs ont recouru à une technique d'incubation afin de préciser l'incidence du trèfle rouge (Trifolium pratense L.) et de la saturation d'eau, exprimée d'après la proportion de pores remplis d'eau (PRE, de 20 à 95 %), sur le CODS et le CBM dans trois sols de l'Ontario. La concentration la plus élevée de CODS a été observée à 20 % de PRE. Ensuite, elle diminue à mesure que la proportion de PRE s'approche d...

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 92%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Soil dissolved organic carbon: Influences of water-filled pore space and red clover addition and relationships with microbial biomass carbon

Zhang¹,

Drury²

2004

Can. J. Soil. Sci.

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“…Rainfall induced "pulses" of resource availability stem from the reduction or alleviation of water limitation of plant and microbial processes, which increases C and N mineralization, mineral N pools, and nutrient supply to plant roots (Nye and Tinker 1977, Cui and Caldwell 1997, Austin et al 2004, Huxman et al 2004, Ford et al 2007). Rainfall events may also increase labile C and N pools by leaching soluble C and N from litter (Cleveland et al 2004), disrupting soil aggregates (Lundquist et al 1999, Austin et al 2004, or releasing nutrients from microbial biomass (from dead cells, cell lysis, and/or release of soluble compounds from live cells; Bottner 1985, Halverson et al 2000, Fierer and Schimel 2003, Austin et al 2004. Even small events may stimulate resource pulses: three millimeter events may support microbial activity and only slightly larger events can stimulate plant nutrient uptake and photosynthesis Lauenroth 1982, Schwinning andSala 2004).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plant phenology and life span influence soil pool dynamics: Bromus tectorum invasion of perennial C3–C4 grass communities

Adair

Burke

2010

Plant Soil

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In water-limited ecosystems, small rainfall events can have dramatic impacts on microbial activity and soil nutrient pools. Plant community phenology and life span also affect soil resources by determining the timing and quantity of plant nutrient uptake, storage, and release. Using the replacement of C 3 -C 4 perennial grasses by the invasive annual grass Bromus tectorum as a case study, we investigated the influence of phenology and life span on pulse responses and sizes of soil carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) pools. We hypothesized that available and microbial C and N would respond to small rainfall events and that B. tectorum invasion would increase soil C and N pools by reducing inter-annual plant C and N storage and alter seasonal pool dynamics by changing the timing of plant uptake and litter inputs. We tested our hypotheses by simulating small rainfall events in B. tectorum and perennial grass communities three times during the growing season. Microbial pools responded strongly to soil moisture and simulated rainfall events, but labile C and N pools were affected weakly or not at all. All pools were larger beneath B. tectorum than perennial grasses. Soil C and N pools increased after senescence in both communities. Our results suggest that transforming a perennial into a B. tectorum dominated community increases the overall size of soil C and N pools by decreasing plant C and N storage and changes seasonal pool dynamics by altering dominant plant phenology. Our results indicate strong roles for water, life span and phenology in controlling soil C and N pools and begin to elucidate the biogeochemical effects of altering plant community phenology and life span.

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“…These studies have generally revealed that drying or drying and rewetting causes a decrease in the total soil biomass (5,27,45). Furthermore, rewetting of dried soils is known to cause increased mineralization of carbon (28) and nitrogen (1,6) coupled with a flush of CO 2 efflux (14). The exact roles of microbes in mediating these processes is still largely unresolved, since biomass estimations may be hampered by methodological constraints (13), and so it is difficult to determine whether the effects are biological or physically driven.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Physiological and Community Responses of EstablishedGrassland Bacterial Populations to WaterStress

Griffiths

Whiteley

O'Donnell

et al. 2003

Appl Environ Microbiol

175

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The effects of water stress upon the diversity and culturable activity of bacterial communities in the rhizosphere of an established upland grassland soil have been investigated. Intact monoliths were subjected to different watering regimens over a 2-month period to study community adaptation to moisture limitation and subsequent response to stress alleviation following rewetting. Genetic diversity was analyzed with 16S-based denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) of total soil-extracted DNA (rRNA genes) and RNA (rRNA transcripts) in an attempt to discriminate between total and active communities. Physiological response was monitored by plate counts, total counts, and BIOLOG-GN2 substrate utilization analyses. Controlled soil drying decreased the total number of CFU on all the media tested and also decreased the substrate utilization response. Following rewetting of dried soil, culture-based analyses indicated physiological recovery of the microbial population by the end of the experiment. In contrast, DGGE analyses of community 16S rRNA genes, rRNA transcripts and cultured communities did not reveal any changes relating to the moisture regimens, despite the observed physiological effects. We conclude that the imposed moisture regimen modulated the physiological status of the bacterial community and that bacterial communities in this soil are resistant to water stress. Further, we highlight the need for a reexamination of rRNA transcript-based molecular profiling techniques as a means of describing the active component of soil bacterial communities.

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Wet–dry cycles affect dissolved organic carbon in two California agricultural soils

Cited by 256 publications

References 30 publications

Soil dissolved organic carbon: Influences of water-filled pore space and red clover addition and relationships with microbial biomass carbon

Soil dissolved organic carbon: Influences of water-filled pore space and red clover addition and relationships with microbial biomass carbon

Plant phenology and life span influence soil pool dynamics: Bromus tectorum invasion of perennial C3–C4 grass communities

Physiological and Community Responses of EstablishedGrassland Bacterial Populations to WaterStress

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