Wet oxidation of stainless steels: New insights into hydrogen ingress

Brady, Michael P.; Fayek, Mostafa; Keiser, James R.; Meyer, Harry M.; More, Karren L.; Anovitz, Lawrence M.; Wesolowski, David J.; Cole, David R.

doi:10.1016/j.corsci.2011.02.011

Cited by 25 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…alumina. This multi-layered structure of scale well accords with some previous observations on the scale of AFAs (He et al 2014;Brady et al 2011a;Brady et al 2011b;Rother et al 2012). Beneath the scale of W5, there was a characteristic region in which dark and bright volumes alternated.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 91%

Effect of tungsten on the oxidation of alumina-forming austenitic stainless steel

Kim

Park

et al. 2019

Appl. Microsc.

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As more W replaced Mo in alumina-forming austenitic stainless steels, weight gain by oxidation decreased after 336 h at 1053 K. Electron microscopy revealed slower growth of scale in the presence of more numerous second phases by W addition. The retardation of oxidation was attributed to the necessary partitioning of W in front of the metal-oxide interface. The W-rich second phases interacted with growing oxides and finally transformed to fine particles of metallic W alloy within the scale.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 91%

Effect of tungsten on the oxidation of alumina-forming austenitic stainless steel

Kim

Park

et al. 2019

Appl. Microsc.

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“…During the process of steam oxidation, the resultant hydrogen may flow into steam or diffuse into the oxides and metal substrate. Several published works employed Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry (SIMS) [30,31] and Thermal Desorption Spectroscopy (TDS) [32] to study the hydrogen uptake in chromia scales formed in water vapor containing gas, and indicated the highest hydrogen concentration at the metal/oxide interface. Although no currently used techniques can distinguish the value state of hydrogen in the oxides, Norby et.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation into the failure mechanism of chromia scale thermally grown on an austenitic stainless steel in pure steam

et al. 2016

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“…Huptake of chromia, have been made by other investigators, e.g. Brady et al [22,23]. This raises the question of how Hspecies originating from the water vapour in the test gas affects the formation of chromia scales, e.g.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 96%

Effect of H₂/H₂O ratio on thermally grown chromia scales formed on Ni25Cr alloy in Ar–H₂–H₂O atmospheres at 1000°C

Hänsel

Garcia-Fresnillo

Tobing

et al. 2012

Materials at High Temperatures

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The oxidation behaviour of a NiCr-base model alloy with a 25% chromium content is investigated at 1000 C in different low p(O 2 ) environments (Ar -H 2 -H 2 O) with the emphasis of how hydrogen andyor water vapour affects the oxidation behaviour of chromia forming alloys \in low p(O 2 ) environments containing H 2 and H 2 O. After equilibrium conditions are achieved, chromia growth on Ni25Cr in low p(O 2 ) type test gases containing H 2 and H 2 O is ruled by the concentration of Cr interstitials available for Cr outward transport. The chromia microstructure, therefore, consists largely of columnar shaped oxide grains. The chromia scales are growing predominantly from oxygen coming from the water vapour in the test gas. H-species may facilitate oxide growth in pores at the metal -oxide interface. H-defects affect the transport properties of chromia scales formed on Ni25Cr. At low p(O 2 ) the H-defects in the chromia scale are compensated by a lower concentration of Cr interstitials. Depending on the nature of the test gas, i.e. p(O 2 ), p(H 2 ) and p(H 2 O), as well as on the Cr activity in the metal substrate, the growth of chromia scales on NiCr alloys may be featured and shaped differently.

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Wet oxidation of stainless steels: New insights into hydrogen ingress

Cited by 25 publications

References 40 publications

Effect of tungsten on the oxidation of alumina-forming austenitic stainless steel

Effect of tungsten on the oxidation of alumina-forming austenitic stainless steel

Investigation into the failure mechanism of chromia scale thermally grown on an austenitic stainless steel in pure steam

Effect of H₂/H₂O ratio on thermally grown chromia scales formed on Ni25Cr alloy in Ar–H₂–H₂O atmospheres at 1000°C

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Wet oxidation of stainless steels: New insights into hydrogen ingress

Cited by 25 publications

References 40 publications

Effect of tungsten on the oxidation of alumina-forming austenitic stainless steel

Effect of tungsten on the oxidation of alumina-forming austenitic stainless steel

Investigation into the failure mechanism of chromia scale thermally grown on an austenitic stainless steel in pure steam

Effect of H2/H2O ratio on thermally grown chromia scales formed on Ni25Cr alloy in Ar–H2–H2O atmospheres at 1000°C

Contact Info

Product

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About

Effect of H₂/H₂O ratio on thermally grown chromia scales formed on Ni25Cr alloy in Ar–H₂–H₂O atmospheres at 1000°C