“…In addition, when the pitch of the structures is less than half of the visible wavelength (i.e., around 250 nm), the substrate becomes transparent due to the subwavelength structure effect, because the incident light is not diffracted in this case [ 21 , 22 , 23 ]. In polymers, these surface structures are fabricated via the structure transfer processes, such as ultraviolet nanoimprinting, hot embossing, or injection moulding [ 24 , 25 , 26 , 27 , 28 , 29 ], which allow us to realize wetting control at low costs [ 30 , 31 , 32 ]. Therefore, wetting control by nanostructures is an effective method for medical and food packaging applications because plastic components that are used in the human body cannot be subjected to physical or chemical coatings, owing to contamination hazards.…”