What Are Adults With Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) Eating? A Closer Look at the Dietary Habits of a Population‐Based Canadian IBD Cohort

Vagianos, Kathy; Clara, Ian; Carr, Rachel; Graff, Lesley A; Walker, John R.; Targownik, Laura E.; Lix, Lisa M.; Rogala, Linda; Miller, Norine; Bernstein, Çharles N.

doi:10.1177/0148607114549254

Cited by 88 publications

(94 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…Often leafy or non-leafy vegetables, fruits, dairy, alcohol, red meat or fast food were avoided [12,33]. This is in accordance with our data, since 35% of our patients with IBD stated to have reduced the consumption of fast food compared to only 7% in the healthy control group.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

“…Many patients with IBD suppose that the diet influences the course of their disease or even cause a relapse [11,33]. Therefore, patients often start dietary changes and avoid "trigger foods" which might worsen their symptoms.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…According to the BMI-classification of the World Health Organization (WHO), a BMI less than 18.5 kg/m² was considered as underweight, between 18.5 kg/m² to 25.0 kg/m² as normal weight, between 25.0 kg/ m² to 30.0 kg/m² as overweight (pre-obese) and over 30.0 kg/m² as obese [28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39][40][41][42][43][44][45].…”

Section: Nutritional Statusmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Dietary Habits and Nutrient Intake in Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease

Schink¹,

Mirsch²,

Dieterich³

et al. 2017

J Nutr Food Sci

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Patients with inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) are often affected by nutrient deficiencies. Besides a limited nutrient intake by disease-related side effects and malabsorption, the influence of diets and dietary changes is much discussed. However, data about food patterns are mostly based on subjective declarations. Therefore, this study aimed to achieve a detailed and objective analysis of nutrient intake and individual food habits in IBD, a prerequisite for an appropriate nutritional intervention in risk patients. One hundred IBD patients (n=70 Crohn's disease (CD), n=30 ulcerative colitis (UC)) and 30 healthy controls (HC) were included in the study. All participants filled in a disease-related and food frequency questionnaire. Fifteen healthy controls and 71 IBD patients additionally completed a questionnaire for self-imposed food restrictions. Most IBD patients and healthy controls showed a normal body mass index. However, within the IBD group, UC patients were more often overweight than CD patients (p=0.007). Food restrictions were common in all participants, but significantly more IBD patients restricted their consumption of fast food (p=0.037), fruits and vegetables (p=0.019). Especially CD patients with acute relapse consumed less fruits and vegetables (p=0.035). Contrary to subjective assessment, an objective survey of dietary intake revealed a significantly higher sugar intake of IBD patients compared to healthy controls (p<0.001) with an increased ingestion of sugar/confectionery (p=0.041), soft/isotonic drinks (p<0.001) and fruit/vegetable juices (p=0.022). Additionally, IBD patients ingested higher amounts of salt than healthy controls (p=0.005). Both groups showed an insufficient ingestion of folate, vitamin D and pantothenic acid.In conclusion, self-managed food restrictions appear to be common in IBD patients. The huge discrepancy between the subjective view of dietary habits and objective evaluation of nutrient intake indicates that nutrient assessment should be based on objective tools. A repetitive professional nutritional counseling is recommended to prevent and treat nutritional deficiencies.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Nutritional Statusmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Dietary Habits and Nutrient Intake in Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease

Schink¹,

Mirsch²,

Dieterich³

et al. 2017

J Nutr Food Sci

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show abstract

“…Indeed, a high intake of meat correlates with UC incidence and relapse (26). Furthermore, studies have demonstrated that a high intake of linoleic acid, a polyunsaturated omega-6 fatty acid present in meat, increases IBD risk (26,27). Previous meta-analyses have also revealed that consumption of processed meat increases cancer risk (7,9,10).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Meat intake and risk of inflammatory bowel disease: A meta-analysis

Han²,

Liu³

et al. 2020

Turk J Gastroenterol

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Background/Aims: This meta-analysis is designed to determine the association between meat consumption and the risk of inflammatory bowel disease. Materials and Methods: Search relevant literature published in PubMed, Cochrane before July 2015 without restrictions. Studies were included if relative ratios and the corresponding 95% confidence intervals of the risk of inflammatory bowel disease were reported with respect to meat consumption. Results: Nine studies were included in this meta-analysis. Relative to those who did not or seldom eat meat, meat consumers had a significantly greater risk of inflammatory bowel disease (pooled relative ratio: 1.50, 95% confidence interval: 1.15-1.95). The funnel plot revealed no evidence for publication bias. Conclusion: Meat consumption may increase the risk of inflammatory bowel disease. Additional large prospective studies are warranted to verify this association.

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“…A Canadian study reported that IBD patients avoid alcohol, popcorn, legumes, nuts, seeds, deep-fried food, and processed meat [16]. Patients with active IBD also consumed significantly more portions of sports drinks and sweetened beverages compared with those with inactive disease [16].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%