What are Lazarus taxa?

Fara, Emmanuel

doi:10.1002/gj.879

Cited by 78 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…Perhaps diverse faunas existed but are simply not represented as fossils, and the prolonged biotic recovery is actually more apparent than real? One clear indicator of a relatively poor quality fossil record is an increase in the number of Lazarus taxa (Benton 1987;Fara 2001). Flessa & Jablonski (1983) coined the term 'Lazarus effect' to describe the temporary disappearance of taxa from the fossil record during extinction intervals.…”

Section: The Oman Fauna and The Lazarus Phenomenonmentioning

confidence: 99%

Palaeoecological significance of a new Griesbachian (Early Triassic) gastropod assemblage from Oman

Wheeley

Twitchett

2005

LET

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A new Early Triassic (Griesbachian) gastropod fauna from the Al Jil Formation of Oman is described. Early Triassic faunas from elsewhere (e.g. the Italian Dolomites and the western USA) are typically of low diversity and high dominance, usually attributed to environmental stress in the immediate aftermath of the end‐Permian mass extinction event. The new Oman fauna has, by contrast, relatively high diversity, low dominance and a more even spread of individuals between taxa. It is the most diverse Griesbachian fauna known to date. This is attributed to the favourable (i.e. well‐oxygenated) conditions under which the fauna lived. This uncharacteristic Griesbachian gastropod fauna demonstrates that, in the absence of oceanic anoxia, biotic recovery after the end‐Permian extinction event may occur surprisingly quickly (within one conodont zone). The fauna is also partially silicified, which has increased its preservation potential relative to other Griesbachian gastropod assemblages. However, only one reappearing Lazarus genus is present in the Oman fauna. This suggests that there was some other control on the abundance of Lazarus genera at this time, other than the absence of silicified faunas as previously suggested.

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Section: The Oman Fauna and The Lazarus Phenomenonmentioning

confidence: 99%

Palaeoecological significance of a new Griesbachian (Early Triassic) gastropod assemblage from Oman

Wheeley

Twitchett

2005

LET

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“…malevkensis (REITLINGER), the huge gap of roughly more than 100 my until the appearance of Thaumatoporella parvovesiculifera (PIA) in the Middle Triassic can also be taken as evidence that these are different taxa. Alternatively, our data are currently insufficient to provide a comprehensible explanation, whether we are dealing with a real reappearance of the same genus (Lazarus taxon or effect; JAB-LONSKI, 1986;WIGNALL & BENTON, 1999;FARA, 2001), a case of morphological convergence (e.g., ?functional convergence: psammobiontic Irregularina-type forms) of two different genera, or incompleteness of the fossil record perhaps in a period of generally low proliferation of thaumatoporellacens. In the latter case, thaumatoporellacenas might have survived the end-Permian mass-extinction (e.g., KNOLL et al, 2007;BOTTJER et al, 2008;SAHNEY & BENTON, 2008) and could then be considered as a longterm refugia species (e.g., HARRIES et al, 1996).…”

Section: Plate VIImentioning

confidence: 86%

The Paleozoic record of Thaumatoporella PIA, 1927?

Schlagintweit¹,

Hladil²,

Nose³

et al. 2013

Geol Cro

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mainly Devonian) shallow-water carbonates, spherical to irregular shaped microfossils with thin, apparently homogeneous or perforate micritic walls are widely reported. They are classically referred either to unilocular parathuramminid foraminifera, algae incertae sedis or calcispheres (e.g., Bisphaera, Cribrosphaeroides, Uslo nia, Vermiporella myna, Irregularina). Due to their morphology and microstructural features, they are interpreted here as possibly belonging to Thaumatoporella PIA, a widespread Mesozoic-Early Cenozoic taxon of incertae sedis showing a remarkably high morphological variability. In analogy to Mesozoic thaumatoporellaceans, Bisphaera ma levkensis BIRINA is interpreted as the cyst (i.e.= resting) stage of forms ascribed to different genera, i.e., Cribro sphaeroides, Uslonia and Vermiporella (here: Vermiporella myna WRAY). Note that in the Mesozoic many taxa were also synonymized with Thaumatoporella: Polygonella ELLIOTT, Lithoporella elliotti (EMBERGER), Messopota mella DRAGASTAN et al., Vermiporella crisiae DRAGASTAN et al., Micritosphaera SCOTT. This new interpretation, based on material from the Devonian of W-Germany and the Czech Republic, leads to taxonomic reassessment as Thaumatoporella? malevkensis (BIRINA) nov. comb. As a consequence of our interpretation, the rather long Mesozoic to Early Cenozoic (Anisian? to Lutetian) record of thaumatoporellaceans is supposed to be significantly larger than formerly assumed. The possible gap of no records of thaumatoporellaceans between the Middle Carboniferous and the Lower Triassic cannot substantially be argued at the moment (Lazarus effect of one taxon?; two homeomorphic but taxonomically different taxa).

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“…That is their populations are small, with seemingly narrow distributional ranges that have been so for considerable periods of time. The fossil record is so sporadic that they could be regarded as 'Lazarus taxa' (Jablonski 1986;Fara 2001), that is genera thought to have become extinct but reappear at more recent horizons. Although their survival is problematic, populations of the bivalves could have been tucked away in small refugia with low preservational potential or less likelihood of subsequent discovery.…”

Section: Remarksmentioning

confidence: 99%