What are the drivers of cocoa farmers’ choice of climate change adaptation strategies in Ghana?

Denkyirah, Elisha Kwaku; Okoffo, Elvis D.; Adu, Derick Taylor; Bosompem, Ohene Asa

doi:10.1080/23311932.2017.1334296

Cited by 46 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…Numerous studies have examined the perceptions of farmers on such topics as the impact of climate change on cocoa yields [8,9,20,21], smallholder choice of cocoa production systems [22][23][24], the potential benefits of cocoa agroforestry [25,26] and advantages of REDD+ in cocoa production [13,27]. There is however, limited information on how farmers perceive the inclusion of climate change mitigation strategies into their land/farm management objectives.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Women, on the other hand are considered more susceptible to the impacts of climate change because they are generally less informed [40]. This connotes that education in general influences how farmers perceive climate change [22,41]. Additionally, the accumulation of knowledge and experience with both farming and climate makes farmer age an important factor in climatic change perception inquiry [42].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Additionally, the accumulation of knowledge and experience with both farming and climate makes farmer age an important factor in climatic change perception inquiry [42]. In Ghana, marital status among smallholder cocoa farmers influences access to information on climate change and ultimately, how individuals perceive climate change and adaptation strategies [22]. Lastly, comparisons between indigenous and migrant farmers, indicate that the former have a higher tendency to subscribe to long-term climate ameliorating programs and strategies.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Cocoa and Climate Change: Insights from Smallholder Cocoa Producers in Ghana Regarding Challenges in Implementing Climate Change Mitigation Strategies

Ameyaw

Ettl

Leissle

et al. 2018

Forests

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This study investigates the knowledge and perception of smallholder cocoa farmers on the potential impacts of climate change on cocoa production in Ghana. It addresses opinions on the inclusion of climate change mitigation strategies (such as Reducing Emissions from Deforestation and Forest Degradation—REDD+) into cocoa production, and potential obstacles and roles of stakeholders in ensuring community acceptance of such strategies in a unique multiple land use area—the Krokosua Hills Forest Reserve. Data from the Ghana Meteorological Agency and through survey of 205 cocoa farmers were assessed with Mann-Kendall, Kruskal Wallis and Mann-Whitney tests. Farmers’ perceptions of changes in climate were notably diverse and did not always match historic weather data, but accurately described increases in temperature and drought which are linked to cocoa productivity. Farmers appreciate the importance of tree maintenance for ecosystem services but were skeptical of financially rewarding climate change strategies which favor tree protection. Cultural practices associated with cocoa production encourage carbon release and may pose a threat to the objectives of REDD+. Farmers’ experience on the land, interactions with other farmers, government extension agents and cocoa buyers all influence cocoa agroforestry practices in the area, and communication through existing entities (particularly extension agents) presents a pathway to community acceptance of climate change mitigation strategies. The study recommends reforms in REDD+ strategies to adopt flexible and participatory frameworks to facilitate adoption and acceptability due to pronounced heterogeneity in community perceptions and knowledge of climate change and related issues.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Cocoa and Climate Change: Insights from Smallholder Cocoa Producers in Ghana Regarding Challenges in Implementing Climate Change Mitigation Strategies

Ameyaw

Ettl

Leissle

et al. 2018

Forests

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“…Adaptive behaviors have two subcomponents: one is at the household level (e.g. labor migration [37], loans [38], and remittance [39]), while the other is at the government level. Some studies have pointed out that government policies play a mediating role on farmers' perceptions.…”

Section: Frameworkmentioning

confidence: 99%

Irrigation Influencing Farmers’ Perceptions of Temperature and Precipitation: A Comparative Study of Two Regions of the Tibetan Plateau

et al. 2020

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Farmers are among the most vulnerable groups that need to adapt to climate change. Correct perception is a prerequisite for farmers to adopt adaptation strategies, which plays a crucial guiding role in the development of adaptation plans and the improvement of the security of livelihoods. This study aimed to compare farmers’ perceptions of temperature and precipitation change with meteorological data in two regions of the Tibetan Plateau, analyzed how irrigation affects farmers’ perceptions. Data were obtained from local meteorological stations and household questionnaires (N = 1005). The study found that, since 1987, the climate warming trend was significant (p < 0.01), and the temperature increase was faster in winter. Precipitation had no significant change trend, but the seasonal variations indicated that the precipitation concentration period moved forward in the Pumqu River Basin and was delayed a month in the Yellow River-Huangshui River valley. The farmers’ perception of temperature change was consistent with meteorological data, but there was an obvious difference in precipitation perception between the two regions. We noticed that irrigation facilities played a mediating role on precipitation perception and farmers having access to irrigation facilities were more likely to perceive increased precipitation. Finally, this study suggested that meteorological data and farmers’ perceptions should be integrated when developing policies, rather than just considering actual climate trends. Simultaneously, while strengthening irrigation investment, the government should also pay attention to publicizing the consequences of climate change and improving farmers’ abilities of risk perception.

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“…In the current scenario, adaptation strategies are very important for vulnerable groups, and a gap could lead to deprivation, social disruption, displacement of the population, and increase morbidity and mortality (Downing et al, 1997). However, there are some key determinants that drive farmers to choose specific adaptation strategies, such as gender and age (Belay, Recha, Woldeamanuel, & Morton, 2017;Fadina & Barjolle, 2018), education level (Denkyirah, Okoffo, Adu, & Bosompem, 2017;Kumari, Kumar, & Rao, 2014), farming experience (Fadina & Barjolle, 2018;Sani & Chalchisa, 2016), farmers' income (Belay et al, 2017; Mulatu Debalke, 2011), farm size, and ownership of farms (Belay et al, 2017;Fadina & Barjolle, 2018).…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Underlying Drivers that Influence Farmers’ Sustainable Adaptation Strategies

Akhtar

Masud

Uddin

et al. 2020

International Journal of Management and Sustainability

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In order to minimize the adverse effects of climate change, appropriate adaptation strategies are paramount. Farmers' socio-demographic factors play a significant role in the selection of appropriate adaptation methods. However, there is a lack of empirical evidence on how farmers' socio-demographic factors affect the choice of specific adaptation strategies to minimize the negative effects of climate change. This study explores what the main determinants are for farmers when choosing specific adaptation strategies in the context of local climate. Data was collected using questionnaires and analyzed using statistical tools. The study found that income level, education level and experience had a positive and significant influence on farmers' choices of climate change adaptation strategies. This implies that well-educated, wealthy, and experienced farmers are able to adapt more easily. The results also showed that farmers are aware that climate change has affected livestock and land degradation, increased food costs, and increased rural-urban migration. These negative effects of climate change on ecosystem services and agricultural production in Malaysia could be barriers to achieving sustainable agricultural practices. Therefore, the findings bring new perspectives to policymakers when developing adaptation policies for farming communities in the Malaysian agricultural sector. Contribution/Originality: The paper's primary contribution is finding that farmers' socio-demographic factors are necessary when choosing appropriate adaptation methods. Appropriate strategies to combat climate change can reduce adverse effects and protect farmers' livelihoods in Malaysia. 1. INTRODUCTION Greenhouse gas emissions, mainly from burning fossil fuels, have been warming the earth. During the last three decades, the planet's surface temperature has been increasing constantly more than any decade since 1850 (IPCC, 2014). This global warming is threatening life on the planet by degrading ecological systems and interrupting the natural equilibrium of water, food and temperature (Cai et al., 2016), and agriculture is the most susceptible industry to the effects of climate variability (Pearson, Nelson, Crimp, & Langridge, 2011). This is mainly due to the fact that agriculture is highly dependent on water supply, soil quality, humidity, etc., making it extremely vulnerable to climate variability, which affects all of the biophysical systems (Geng et al., 2016; Hossain & Paul,

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What are the drivers of cocoa farmers’ choice of climate change adaptation strategies in Ghana?

Cited by 46 publications

References 37 publications

Cocoa and Climate Change: Insights from Smallholder Cocoa Producers in Ghana Regarding Challenges in Implementing Climate Change Mitigation Strategies

Cocoa and Climate Change: Insights from Smallholder Cocoa Producers in Ghana Regarding Challenges in Implementing Climate Change Mitigation Strategies

Irrigation Influencing Farmers’ Perceptions of Temperature and Precipitation: A Comparative Study of Two Regions of the Tibetan Plateau

Underlying Drivers that Influence Farmers’ Sustainable Adaptation Strategies

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