What Can We Learn from an Early Test on the Adaptation of Silver Fir Populations to Marginal Environments?

Klisz, Marcin; Ukalski, K.; Ukalska, Joanna; Jastrzębowski, Szymon; Puchałka, Radosław; Przybylski, Paweł; Mionskowski, Marcin; Matras, J.

doi:10.3390/f9070441

Cited by 13 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 53 publications

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“…This geographic area comprises two putative glacial refugia in southern Europe where silver fir survived during the last glaciation: in the Appenines and in the Balkan Peninsula of southeastern Europe. The remarkable growth performances and drought resilience of some provenances from the eastern distribution range (48,52,53) and southeastern (7,23,25,26) and southern edge (33) indicate that these populations, most of them peripheral, possess high adaptive potential, most likely as a consequence of the selection pressure.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Additionally, other recent studies showed that European silver fir has high phenotypic plasticity [25] and is less vulnerable to drought stress than other conifers of temperate forests [26][27][28][29][30][31]. However, a possible decline may occur in the driest and warmest areas at the distribution edge [32][33][34]. Therefore, European silver fir could be one of the future species for consideration under changing climate conditions, particularly at lower altitudes in the mixed vegetation layer.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Intraspecific Growth Response to Drought of Abies alba in the Southeastern Carpathians

Mihai

Alexandru

Stoica

et al. 2021

Forests

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The intensity and frequency of drought have increased considerably during the last decades in southeastern Europe, and projected scenarios suggest that southern and central Europe will be affected by more drought events by the end of the 21st century. In this context, assessing the intraspecific genetic variation of forest tree species and identifying populations expected to be best adapted to future climate conditions is essential for increasing forest productivity and adaptability. Using a tree-ring database from 60 populations of 38-year-old silver fir (Abies alba) in five trial sites established across Romania, we studied the variation of growth and wood characteristics, provenance-specific response to drought, and climate-growth relationships during the period 1997–2018. The drought response of provenances was determined by four drought parameters: resistance, recovery, resilience, and relative resilience. Based on the standardized precipitation index, ten years with extreme and severe drought were identified for all trial sites. Considerable differences in radial growth, wood characteristics, and drought response parameters among silver fir provenances have been found. The provenances’ ranking by resistance, recovery, and resilience revealed that a number of provenances from Bulgaria, Italy, Romania, and Czech Republic placed in the top ranks in almost all sites. Additionally, there are provenances that combine high productivity and drought tolerance. The correlations between drought parameters and wood characters are positive, the most significant correlations being obtained between radial growth and resilience. Correlations between drought parameters and wood density were non-significant, indicating that wood density cannot be used as indicator of drought sensitivity. The negative correlations between radial growth and temperature during the growing season and the positive correlations with precipitation suggest that warming and water deficit could have a negative impact on silver fir growth in climatic marginal sites. Silvicultural practices and adaptive management should rely on selection and planting of forest reproductive material with high drought resilience in current and future reforestation programs.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intraspecific Growth Response to Drought of Abies alba in the Southeastern Carpathians

Mihai

Alexandru

Stoica

et al. 2021

Forests

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“…Because all individuals in a common garden share the same environment, any average difference in a trait between provenances of the same species has a genetic origin. The genetic variation in fitness-related traits is typically estimated in open pollinated progeny tests in common garden experiments, including the estimation of differentiation between provenances [5,6], and the study of this variation has its place in the field of quantitative genetics [7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Differentiation and Non-Linear Responses in Temporal Phenotypic Plasticity of Seasonal Phenophases in a Common Garden of Crataegus monogyna Jacq.

Mijnsbrugge

Janssens

2019

Forests

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Phenology in perennial plants implies the temporal occurrence of biological events throughout the year. Heritable phenotypic plasticity in the timing of the phenophases can be of importance in the adaptation of woody species to a quickly changing environment. We observed the timing of bud burst, flower opening, leaf senescence and leaf fall in two successive years in a common garden of Crataegus monogyna Jacq. in Belgium, consisting of six local and five non-local provenances. Data were processed with cumulative logistic mixed models. Strong auto-correlation was present among the spring phenophases as well as among the autumnal phenophases, with spring phenophases being negatively correlated with fall phenophases. The strongest between-provenance differentiation was found for the timing of bud burst in spring, followed by flower opening and finally by leaf senescence and leaf fall. Warmer spring temperatures in March 2017 advanced the timing of bud burst, and to a lesser extent of flower opening, in all provenances compared to 2016. However, the advancement was non-linear among the provenances, with the lower latitude provenances being relatively less early and the higher elevation provenances being more late than the local provenances in this year. It can be hypothesized that non-local provenances display larger temporal phenotypic plastic responses in the timing of their spring phenophases compared to local provenances when temperatures in the common garden deviate more from their home-sites.

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“…Due to the climate-transfer-related constrains in studying provenance adaptability on common garden experiments, resulting from possible maladaptation of populations or diminishing effect of marginal site conditions (Klisz et al 2018(Klisz et al , 2019a, we applied multi-dimensional analysis of bioclimatic parameters. Two-object clusters (provenances 453 and 455), located closest to the provenance trial, would suggest a better adaptation of these two populations to the growing conditions than the provenances 390 and 451, which are climatically more distant.…”

Section: Climate-transfer Effectmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intra-annual stem size variations converge across marginal populations of European beech

Klisz

Buttò

Rossi

et al. 2019

Trees

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Key message The intra-annual variability in stem size of marginal beech population from southeastern distribution range of beech in Poland is higher within than between populations. Abstract One of the key issues of the distribution of tree species is their ability to track environmental changes. European beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) is a species highly sensitive to extreme climatic events, because of its high phenotypic plasticity. In this study, we aim to determine the variability in stem size between and within marginal beech populations. Marginal populations of beech growing under uniform environmental conditions of provenance trial offer unique opportunity to detect adaptive differentiations driven by natural selection. In this work, we studied stem size variation recorded by automatic band dendrometers in four beech marginal populations growing in a common garden in the southeastern distribution range of beech in Poland over the period 2016-2018. Strong climatic effects and weak provenance differences in seasonal stem size variation were observed. The provenances exhibited similar climate-related seasonal stem circumference variation. A high within-provenance variation was confirmed. Temperature of spring as well as temperature and precipitation of autumn were detected as key climatic parameters mostly for onset and end of stem size variation. Maximum stem size was mostly affected by the later end of its variation, which positively affected its duration. Climatic distance between beech provenances and provenance trial had a negligible effect on the variability in seasonal stem size variation between provenances. The evidence of weak inter-provenance and high intra-provenance variation in stem size changes observed in the southeastern distribution range indicates that an individual-based approach could be a suitable strategy, when selecting for phenotypic plasticity.

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What Can We Learn from an Early Test on the Adaptation of Silver Fir Populations to Marginal Environments?

Cited by 13 publications

References 53 publications

Intraspecific Growth Response to Drought of Abies alba in the Southeastern Carpathians

Intraspecific Growth Response to Drought of Abies alba in the Southeastern Carpathians

Differentiation and Non-Linear Responses in Temporal Phenotypic Plasticity of Seasonal Phenophases in a Common Garden of Crataegus monogyna Jacq.

Intra-annual stem size variations converge across marginal populations of European beech

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