What Causes Seizures in Neurocysticercosis?

Steyn, Teresa Julieta Simões; Awala, Amalia N.; Lange, Ann-Marie G. de; Raimondo, Joseph V.

doi:10.1177/15357597221137418

Cited by 9 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 82 publications

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“…The neurocysticercosis-induced psychotic disorder is considered a rare disease, but many experts consider this due to it going unrecognized and thus underreported. [8][9][10][11][12] Therefore, these guidelines are indeed a supportive framework for neurocysticercosis diagnosis, which might be very supportive in the diagnosis of neurocysticercosis challenging clinical presentations, as in the case we have seen in this paper. This framework has been developed to be followed in the diagnostic process in which clear and comprehensive standards are provided and demonstrated and which are founded on a multidisciplinary clinical approach.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 56%

“…Using these guidelines can help not only the clinicians in the investigation but also prevent complications and progression of symptoms and, eventually, patient suffering. [8][9][10][11][12] Through this paper, we also call for and encourage further research on the association between neurocysticercosis infection and psychotic features for education purposes in emergency settings. This should be created collaboratively between the clinicians, investigators, and experts in psychiatry and infectious disease.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 90%

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Neurocysticercosis infection presenting with psychotic features: case report

Bouabida,

Jagram,

Dar

2023

MOJCR

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Neurocysticercosis is a rare parasitic central nervous system infection caused by ingesting Taenia Solium eggs. Diagnosing neurocysticercosis can be challenging, as the symptoms can mimic other neurological and psychiatric conditions. In this paper, we present a rare case of a 25-year-old male with Neurocysticercosis, and we highlight certain clinical aspects of the patient's presentation. We discuss the importance of a comprehensive medical evaluation and a multidisciplinary approach using the guidelines of the Neurocysticercosis diagnostic framework when assessing patients with Neurocysticercosis who present with psychiatric symptoms. Through this paper, we raise awareness of Neurocysticercosis and encourage clinicians to collaborate closely and to promote research in this context.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 56%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 90%

Neurocysticercosis infection presenting with psychotic features: case report

Bouabida,

Jagram,

Dar

2023

MOJCR

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“… 7 The mechanism of epileptogenesis in NCC is still a subject of debate, but possible explanations include local inflammation and reactive gliotic scarring. 6 In endemic areas, late-onset seizures are highly suggestive of NCC, and approximately 80% of people with symptomatic NCC experience recurrent seizures. 11 Other possible manifestations of the disease include stroke, cognitive decline, neuropsychiatric disturbances, speech difficulties, extraocular palsy, movement disorders, and meningeal symptoms.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“… 5 The exact mechanism behind NCC-induced seizures remains unclear, but it is believed to be linked to the inflammatory response that occurs during cyst degeneration. 6 …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Unmasking a Hidden Culprit: Neurocysticercosis, an Overlooked Cause of Acquired Epilepsy

Emorinken,

Erameh,

Akpasubi

et al. 2024

J Epilepsy Res

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Neurocysticercosis (NCC) is a common parasitic brain infestation caused by the ingestion of Taenia solium eggs, predominantly in developing countries. In this report, we presented the case of a 44-year-old woman who exhibited stroke symptoms and had a decade-long history of recurrent headaches and epilepsy. At presentation, a non-contrast computed tomography scan of the brain was performed and revealed hypodense oval lesions and calcified cysts in both cerebral hemispheres, strongly indicative of NCC. The patient responded positively to treatment with dexamethasone, albendazole, and carbamazepine. This case study underscores the importance of neuroimaging in investigating patients with neurological conditions like epilepsy, especially in developing countries. Early diagnosis and effective treatment are crucial in preventing and controlling NCC, reducing its impact on public health.

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“…Unfortunately, the majority of the disease burden is borne by the developing world [45], which results in limited resources being allocated to deciphering how cestode brain infection ultimately triggers epilepsy as asserted by Steyn [46]. This missed opportunity not only hinders the development of much-needed therapeutics for epilepsy in this specific context but also impedes the discovery of innovative anticonvulsant strategies with broader applicability in the treatment of epilepsy on a global scale [46,47]. Other examples include cerebral malaria, caused by Plasmodium parasites, leading to vessel blockage in the brain, commonly affecting children and pregnant women and resulting in seizures and death [48,49].…”

Section: Virus-inducing Epilepsymentioning

confidence: 99%

Virus-Induced Epilepsy vs. Epilepsy Patients Acquiring Viral Infection: Unravelling the Complex Relationship for Precision Treatment

Costa,

Vale

2024

IJMS

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The intricate relationship between viruses and epilepsy involves a bidirectional interaction. Certain viruses can induce epilepsy by infecting the brain, leading to inflammation, damage, or abnormal electrical activity. Conversely, epilepsy patients may be more susceptible to viral infections due to factors, such as compromised immune systems, anticonvulsant drugs, or surgical interventions. Neuroinflammation, a common factor in both scenarios, exhibits onset, duration, intensity, and consequence variations. It can modulate epileptogenesis, increase seizure susceptibility, and impact anticonvulsant drug pharmacokinetics, immune system function, and brain physiology. Viral infections significantly impact the clinical management of epilepsy patients, necessitating a multidisciplinary approach encompassing diagnosis, prevention, and treatment of both conditions. We delved into the dual dynamics of viruses inducing epilepsy and epilepsy patients acquiring viruses, examining the unique features of each case. For virus-induced epilepsy, we specify virus types, elucidate mechanisms of epilepsy induction, emphasize neuroinflammation’s impact, and analyze its effects on anticonvulsant drug pharmacokinetics. Conversely, in epilepsy patients acquiring viruses, we detail the acquired virus, its interaction with existing epilepsy, neuroinflammation effects, and changes in anticonvulsant drug pharmacokinetics. Understanding this interplay advances precision therapies for epilepsy during viral infections, providing mechanistic insights, identifying biomarkers and therapeutic targets, and supporting optimized dosing regimens. However, further studies are crucial to validate tools, discover new biomarkers and therapeutic targets, and evaluate targeted therapy safety and efficacy in diverse epilepsy and viral infection scenarios.

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What Causes Seizures in Neurocysticercosis?

Cited by 9 publications

References 82 publications

Neurocysticercosis infection presenting with psychotic features: case report

Neurocysticercosis infection presenting with psychotic features: case report

Unmasking a Hidden Culprit: Neurocysticercosis, an Overlooked Cause of Acquired Epilepsy

Virus-Induced Epilepsy vs. Epilepsy Patients Acquiring Viral Infection: Unravelling the Complex Relationship for Precision Treatment

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