What do We Know about Family Interventions for Psychosis at the Process Level? A Systematic Review

Abstract

The evidence regarding effectiveness of family interventions for psychosis (FIP) is strong and consistent. However, there is a gap in the research on the process of these interventions, and little is known about their active ingredients. This review aims to identify the active ingredients of FIP. We conducted a systematic literature review, focusing on qualitative research, and analyzed 22 papers in total. We found a single study comprehensively exploring the process of FIP. All other studies focused on particular aspects of process-related variables. The key elements of FIP seem to be the so-called "common therapeutic factors", followed by education about the illness and coping skills training. This review supports the value of a stepped model of intervention according to the needs of the families. However, the evidence reviewed also reveals a gap in the research findings based on the limited research available. FIP are complex, psychosocial interventions with multiple components, and more intensive, qualitative research is needed to establish linkages between process and outcome.

Family Interventions for Schizophrenia and the Psychoses: A Review

“…Levy‐Frank, Hasson‐Ohayon, Kravetz, and Roe () found that both strong therapeutic alliance and PMFG with problem solving led to equally positive outcomes, including reduction in EE, which in itself appeared to be correlated with reduction in psychiatric symptoms. FPE is effective because it provides, at a minimum, a therapeutic alliance with family members and the affected person, extensive education, and guidance and coping skill training (Gracio et al., ; Kuipers, ). The relatives who have experienced MFG‐PE and other group family interventions invariably attribute positive outcomes to sharing concerns, burdens, and ultimately coping strategies across family lines, which can be subsumed under expanding social networks and social support.…”

Family intervention for caregivers of people with recent‐onset psychosis: A systematic review and meta‐analysis

“…An effective caregiver‐focused intervention would lessen the distress and burden of caregivers and, most importantly, resolve HEE and an intense family atmosphere. A recent qualitative study (Nilsen, Frich, Friis, Norheim, & Rossberg, ) concluded that caregivers were able to learn at least 5 main important techniques/skills after receiving a family intervention. These skills/techniques included developing insight and acceptance, recognizing warning signs of relapse, improving communication skills, learning to plan and solve problems and becoming more independent.…”

Grupo De Suporte À Família Da Pessoa Com Doença Mental Grave: Espaço De Partilha Na Adversidade

“…A evidência em outras realidades semelhantes sugere a efetividade deste tipo de intervenção para os familiares das pessoas doentes (Grácio, Gonçalves-Pereira, & Leff, 2015;McFarlane, 2016 (Strauss e Corbin, 1998).…”