What does Research Suggest are the Primary Risk and Protective Factors for Intimate Partner Violence (<scp>IPV</scp>) and What is the Role of Economic Factors?

Buzawa, Eve S.; Buzawa, Carl G.

doi:10.1002/pam.21668

Cited by 31 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…Intimate partner violence (IPV), which includes physical or sexual forms of violence, as well as psychological and economic abuse within intimate relationships (Buzawa & Buzawa, 2013), is the most common form of violence against women, with 30% of women globally having experienced sexual and/or physical IPV during their lifetime (Devries et al 2013). IPV can lead to a plethora of negative consequences; it is associated with women's greater rates of physical and emotional stress, depression, anxiety and suicide (Ellsberg et al, 2008), post-traumatic stress disorder (Goodwin, Chandler, & Meisel, 2003) drug and alcohol abuse (Devries et al, 2014), serious injuries and death.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Shifting Perceptions of Consequences of IPV Among Beneficiaries of Indashyikirwa: An IPV Prevention Program in Rwanda

Stern

Niyibizi

2018

J Interpers Violence

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Indashyikirwa is a Rwandan programme that seeks to prevent intimate partner violence (IPV) and support healthy, equitable relationships. A fundamental programme aspect is a 5-month curriculum among heterosexual couples designed to identify the causes and consequences of economic, emotional, physical, and sexual IPV, and build skills to manage triggers of IPV. The programme also trained opinion leaders to more effectively prevent and respond to IPV, and established women's safe spaces to educate women about their rights, and accompany women who wish to report abuse or seek services. Drawing on 30 interviews with couples and 9 interviews with opinion leaders before and after completing the Indashyikirwa trainings, this paper highlights beneficiaries' perceived consequences of IPV, and how such perceptions were influenced through the Indashyikirwa programme. Interviews were conducted in Kinyarwanda, recorded, translated and transcribed into English and analyzed thematically. The data reveals a depth of understanding of consequences of various forms of IPV. Although several participants justified more minor forms of men's physical IPV, such as slapping, severe consequences of physical IPV were most readily identified and sanctioned. Various harms of emotional and economic IPV were reported, yet these forms of IPV were typically less socially sanctioned or identified as IPV. Conceptions of sexual IPV were influenced by inequitable gender norms, and not typically recognized as a violation under the law.Although the data does not yet demonstrate the long-term impact, collectively identifying the overlapping consequences and underlying power inequalities for all forms of IPV, the legal rights protecting against various forms of IPV, and the benefits of non-violent, equitable relationships, appeared to be helpful to shift perceptions of consequences of IPV. Implications of the findings for the programme and broader IPV prevention are identified.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Shifting Perceptions of Consequences of IPV Among Beneficiaries of Indashyikirwa: An IPV Prevention Program in Rwanda

Stern

Niyibizi

2018

J Interpers Violence

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“…IPV is prevalent all over the world ranging with 10 to over 50 percent of women having experienced IPV in some regions and global averages estimated between 27.8 and 32.2 percent (Devries, Mak, García-Moreno, et al, 2013). While most studies focus on physical and/or sexual forms of violence, broader definitions of IPV also include psychological, verbal and economic forms of violence, which are implicated in coercive and controlled relationships (Buzawa & Buzawa, 2013). In this paper, we draw on this broad definition of IPV, which is consistent with how our research participants talked about violence perpetrated by intimate partners, including husbands, boyfriends, unmarried partners and the fathers of their children.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Fear of violent retaliation for reporting and lack of adequate services are other key factors (Wolf, Ly, Hobart, & Kernic, 2003). In addition, the economic reality of women's lives is widely recognised as playing an important role in a woman's capacity to leave a relationship, particularly in lowincome settings where women may be dependent on a husband or male partner for financial security (Buzawa & Buzawa, 2013;Kaukinen, Meyer, & Akers, 2013).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Women's responses to intimate partner violence in Rwanda: Rethinking agency in constrained social contexts

Mannell

Jackson

Umutoni³

2015

Global Public Health

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This paper explores instances of agency in women's responses to intimate partner violence (IPV) in Rwanda. The literature on women's responses to IPV conceptualises agency primarily as an individual's capacity to take action by reporting violence or leaving a relationship, obscuring other ways women may respond to violence in contexts where reporting or leaving are unlikely. We aim to replace this narrow conceptualisation of agency with a social constructivist focus on the meanings women attribute to possible IPV responses. We draw on data from a study of IPV in Rwanda, which includes semi-structured interviews with women experiencing violence and four focus group discussions with women community members (n=39).Our findings highlight socio-cultural, economic, political-legal and historical constraints that shape women's actions in this context. In relation to these constraints, women describe four possible responses to IPV: reporting the violence; seeking emotional support; 'fighting back' against violence (including leaving the relationship); or remaining silent. While reporting and leaving violent relationships are identified, women also discuss the social constraints that make these actions extremely difficult in Rwanda. In designing effective strategies, we conclude that public health strategies need to consider women's understandings of their own actions, particularly in social contexts where certain actions may be highly constrained.

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“…Intimate partner violence (IPV), which includes physical or sexual forms of violence, psychological, and economic abuse within intimate relationships (Buzawa and Buzawa 2013), is the most common form of violence against women, with 30% of women globally experiencing it during their lifetime (Devries et al 2013). Interventions responding to IPV have traditionally sought to establish support services for victims and improve the criminal and health sector responses (Abramsky et al 2012), Yet, there has been a more recent emphasis on interventions that prevent IPV.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This is particularly the case for IPV prevention efforts with women, given that women living in marginal economic and social conditions are more vulnerable to IPV (Kim et al 2007). Evidence suggests that women who are dependent on a husband or male partner for financial security have reduced capacity to leave an abusive relationship (Buzawa and Buzawa 2013;Kaukinen et al 2013). There is increasing verification of the value to combine such curriculum approaches with women's economic empowerment activities (Verma et al 2006;Slegh et al 2013).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Process Review of the Indashyikirwa Couples Curriculum to Prevent Intimate Partner Violence and Support Healthy, Equitable Relationships in Rwanda

Stern

Nyiratunga²

2017

Social Sciences

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Indashyikirwa is a Rwandan intimate partner violence (IPV) prevention program being implemented by CARE International Rwanda, Rwanda Women's Network (RWN), and Rwanda Men's Resource Centre (RWAMREC). A central aspect of the programme is a 20-session curriculum for heterosexual couples designed to support healthy, non-violent relationships. This paper draws on qualitative interviews with 15 couples (before and after the curriculum) and 9 field staff to assess couples' impressions, comprehension of, and engagement with this innovative training. Thematic analysis was conducted to compare key findings from both data sources. Couples and staff offered positive assessments of the curriculum including the contextual relevance, the participatory approach, and a high level of dedication to the training was shown by the majority of couples. Many couples appreciated being trained together, and although some men dominated the first few sessions, participation gradually became more gender-balanced, and facilitators emphasized creating a safe environment for equal participation. Curriculum content that was initially resisted or difficult reportedly became easier through couples learning and trying new skills and experiencing relationship benefits first-hand, which emphasizes the value of the skills building component and take home exercises. Important insights for couples-based, educational approaches to IPV prevention are identified from this process review.

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What does Research Suggest are the Primary Risk and Protective Factors for Intimate Partner Violence (IPV) and What is the Role of Economic Factors?

Cited by 31 publications

References 25 publications

Shifting Perceptions of Consequences of IPV Among Beneficiaries of Indashyikirwa: An IPV Prevention Program in Rwanda

Shifting Perceptions of Consequences of IPV Among Beneficiaries of Indashyikirwa: An IPV Prevention Program in Rwanda

Women's responses to intimate partner violence in Rwanda: Rethinking agency in constrained social contexts

A Process Review of the Indashyikirwa Couples Curriculum to Prevent Intimate Partner Violence and Support Healthy, Equitable Relationships in Rwanda

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