What Doesn't Kill You Makes You Poorer: Adult Wages and the Early-Life Disease Environment in India

Lawson, Nicholas; Spears, Dean

doi:10.1596/1813-9450-7121

Cited by 2 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 33 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…From the foregoing it is clear that ending open defecation is an immensely complicated and hugely painstaking task with major sociocultural and sociopolitical dimensions. However, it is an extremely good investmentfor example, Lawson & Spears (2014), who investigated the relationship between adult wages and the early-life disease environment in India and reported on the fiscal externalities of sanitation, found that reducing open defecation would increase tax revenue by enough to completely offset a cost of up to US$462 per household that stops defecating in the open, and that a fiscally neutral elimination of open defecation in India would increase the net present value of lifetime after-tax wages by more than US$1,800 for an average male worker born in 2014.…”

Section: Elimination Of Open Defecationmentioning

confidence: 99%

The sanitation and hygiene targets of the sustainable development goals: scope and challenges

Mara

Evans

2017

Journal of Water, Sanitation and Hygiene for Development

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The sanitation target of the Sustainable Development Goals is that everyone should have a ‘safely-managed’ sanitation facility by 2030 and that open defecation be eliminated. The scale of this target is unprecedently large: ∼5.6 billion additional people will require safely-managed sanitation by 2030 (∼1 million per day), and ∼1.3 billion people will need to switch from open to fixed-defecation in a sanitation facility by 2030 (240,000 per day). Safely-managed shared sanitation and container-based sanitation are both likely to be part of the solution, particularly in urban slums. The SDG hygiene target covers facilities for handwashing with soap, menstrual-hygiene management, and food hygiene, but only handwashing with soap is monitored by WHO/UNICEF. In 2015, the percentage of people with handwashing-with-soap facilities at home ranged from 15% in Sub-Saharan Africa to 76% in Western Asia and North Africa. The costs to meet these targets are around US$46 billion in urban areas, and US$25 billion in rural areas, per year during 2016–2030. Benefit-cost ratios are ∼18 in rural areas. There is a correspondingly considerable need for training local sanitation and hygiene professionals, so that they can plan and design interventions to meet the SDG target.

show abstract

Section: Elimination Of Open Defecationmentioning

confidence: 99%