What exactly is cavitation chemistry?

Lepoint, T.; Mullie, F.

doi:10.1016/1350-4177(94)90020-5

Cited by 101 publications

(43 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…The theory attributes the origin of cavitation to corona-like discharges caused by a fragmentation process. This view is supported by drawing numerous analogies between sonochemistry and corona chemistry and indicating the formation of micro-plasmas inside the bubbles [28,29]. Finally, the supercritical theory claims that there is a layer in the bubble-solution interface, where temperature and pressure may be beyond the critical conditions of water (647 K, Fig.…”

Section: Ultrasound Wavesmentioning

confidence: 69%

“…Some scientists believe that the extreme conditions occurring with fragmentation of bubbles are due to the intense electrical fields [28,29]. The electrical theory suggests that during bubble formation and collapse, enormous electrical field gradients are generated which are sufficiently high to cause bond breakage and chemical activity [28].…”

Section: Ultrasound Wavesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Ultrasound irradiation in the production of ethanol from biomass

Karimi

Jenkins

Stroeve

2014

Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews

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a b s t r a c tEthanol produced from renewable biomass, such as lignocellulosic feedstock, is one of the alternative energy resources that can be environmentally friendly. However, physical and chemical barriers caused by the close association of the main components of lignocellulosic biomass, as well as starch, hinder the hydrolysis of cellulose and hemicellulose in lignocellulose as well as amylase and amylopectin in starch to fermentable sugars. One of the main goals of pretreatment for enzymatic hydrolysis is to increase the enzyme accessibility for improving digestibility of cellulose and starch. Ultrasound irradiation applied to cellulosic materials and starch-based feedstock was found to enhance the efficiency of hydrolysis and subsequently increase the sugar yield. Prior research conducted on applying ultrasonic technology for cellulose and starch pretreatment has considered a variety of effects on physical and chemical characteristics, hydrolysis efficiency and ethanol yield. This paper reviews the application of ultrasound irradiation to cellulose and starch prior to and during hydrolysis in terms of sugar and ethanol yields. It also addresses characteristics such as accessibility, crystallinity, degree of polymerization, morphological structure, swelling power, particle size and viscosity as influenced by ultrasonic treatment.

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Section: Ultrasound Wavesmentioning

confidence: 69%

Section: Ultrasound Wavesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ultrasound irradiation in the production of ethanol from biomass

Karimi

Jenkins

Stroeve

2014

Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews

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“…(iii) Finally, medium frequency gives rise to short-lived cavitational bubbles, which develop much higher pressures and temperatures and larger energies are released into the surrounding liquid during their more rapid and violent collapse [76]. These cavitation bubbles are so short lived and their collapse so rapid that the degree of the radical scavenging reactions in the bubble or at its interface is insufficient, and so the destructive effect of ultrasound in this condition is due to the high probability that long-lived hydroxyl radicals can be injected into the surrounding liquid [77].…”

Section: Influence Of the Ultrasonic Frequencymentioning

confidence: 99%

Sonochemical Treatment of Water Polluted by Chlorinated Organocompounds. A Review

González-Garcı́a

Sáez

Tudela

et al. 2010

Water

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As one of several types of pollutants in water, chlorinated compounds have been routinely subjected to sonochemical analysis to check the environmental applications of this technology. In this review, an extensive study of the influence of the initial concentration, ultrasonic intensity and frequency on the kinetics, degradation efficiency and mechanism has been analyzed. The sonochemical degradation follows a radical mechanism which yields a very wide range of chlorinated compounds in very low concentrations. Special attention has been paid to the mass balance comparing the results from several analytical techniques. As a conclusion, sonochemical degradation alone is not an efficient treatment to reduce the organic pollutant level in waste water.

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“…The k app values are linearly dependent on the amount of multi-site phase-transfer catalyst. The increasing the k app value is attributed to the synergic effect of ultrasound might be enlarged [34,43].…”

Section: Effect Of the Amount Of Newly Prepared Mptcmentioning

confidence: 99%

Kinetic Investigation of Nitroarylation of Pyrrole with 1-Chloro-4- Nitrobenzene Using a New Multi-Site Phase-Transfer Catalyst under Ultrasonic Condition

Selvaraj¹

2015

Chem Sci J

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In the present research work, the solid-liquid reaction was successfully carried out in the new synthesized multisite phase-transfer catalyst, namely i.e., 1,3,5-tribenzyl-1,3,5-triethyl-1,3,5-triazinane-1,3,5-triium trichloride(MPTC), and sonication (40 kHz, 300 W) to produce the desired product namely 1-(4-nitropheny) pyrrole from pyrrole and 4-nitrochlorobenzene. The selectivity of N-arylation product was obtained under sonication and MPTC. The combination of ultrasound and MPTC resulted in better efficacy as compared to the individual operations. The apparent reaction rate is greatly enhanced and observed to obey the pseudo-first order kinetics. The k app value increases with increasing kinetic parameters that is the amount of [MPTC], [substrate], ultrasonication, stirring speed, temperature, etc.

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What exactly is cavitation chemistry?

Cited by 101 publications

References 41 publications

Ultrasound irradiation in the production of ethanol from biomass

Ultrasound irradiation in the production of ethanol from biomass

Sonochemical Treatment of Water Polluted by Chlorinated Organocompounds. A Review

Kinetic Investigation of Nitroarylation of Pyrrole with 1-Chloro-4- Nitrobenzene Using a New Multi-Site Phase-Transfer Catalyst under Ultrasonic Condition

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