What explains the relation between family poverty and childhood depressive symptoms?

Tracy, Melissa; Zimmerman, Frederick J.; Galea, Sandro; McCauley, Elizabeth; Stoep, Ann van der

doi:10.1016/j.jpsychires.2008.01.011

Cited by 105 publications

(93 citation statements)

References 79 publications

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“…Depression in poor children younger than 18 years has been linked to substance abuse, poor academic performance, teen childbearing, and unemployment. 132 Poor children also are more likely to be diagnosed with conduct disorders 133 and attentiondeficit/hyperactivity disorder. 134 Substance abuse, including alcohol and tobacco, is higher for poor adolescents, increasing the risk of emphysema and cirrhosis as well as cancer.…”

Section: Compromised Mental Health Behavioral Health and Relationalmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mediators and Adverse Effects of Child Poverty in the United States

Pascoe¹,

Wood²,

Duffee³

et al. 2016

Pediatrics

134

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The link between poverty and children's health is well recognized. Even temporary poverty may have an adverse effect on children's health, and data consistently support the observation that poverty in childhood continues to have a negative effect on health into adulthood. In addition to childhood morbidity being related to child poverty, epidemiologic studies have documented a mortality gradient for children aged 1 to 15 years (and adults), with poor children experiencing a higher mortality rate than children from higher-income families. The global great recession is only now very slowly abating for millions of America's children and their families. At this diffi cult time in the history of our nation's families and immediately after the 50th anniversary year of President Lyndon Johnson's War on Poverty, it is particularly germane for the American Academy of Pediatrics, which is "dedicated to the health of all children, " to publish a research-supported technical report that examines the mediators associated with the longrecognized adverse effects of child poverty on children and their families. This technical report draws on research from a number of disciplines, including physiology, sociology, psychology, economics, and epidemiology, to describe the present state of knowledge regarding poverty's negative impact on children's health and development. Children inherit not only their parents' genes but also the family ecology and its social milieu. Thus, parenting skills, housing, neighborhood, schools, and other factors (eg, medical care) all have complex relations to each other and infl uence how each child's genetic canvas is expressed. Accompanying this technical report is a policy statement that describes specifi c actions that pediatricians and other child advocates can take to attenuate the negative effects of the mediators identifi ed in this technical report and improve the well-being of our nation's children and their families.There is no keener revelation of a society's soul than the way in which it treats its children. Although medical care and access to medical care are important factors in the health of children as well as adults, a broader perspective of the social determinants of health throughout the life cycle is critically important if significant gains are to be realized in our efforts to improve the health of this nation's children. -Nelson Mandela TECHNICAL REPORTResearch that examines mediators of health as well as the effects of poverty and other circumstances in which people grow, live, work, and age in childhood and throughout the life course is accumulating rapidly, and findings are providing critical insights that can inform these efforts. 4 The environment in which a child develops is influenced by parents' health, the immediate and extended family, housing, and community. All these factors are related to a family's social, economic, and health status. 5 These multiple factors in both the social and the physical domains have dynamic influences that link them to the long-t...

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Section: Compromised Mental Health Behavioral Health and Relationalmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mediators and Adverse Effects of Child Poverty in the United States

Pascoe¹,

Wood²,

Duffee³

et al. 2016

Pediatrics

134

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“…Previous studies have shown that the NEO-PI-R has good reliability and validity (Costa & McCrae, 1992a;McCrae, 2011). In our study, we mainly focused on depression-related traits of the neuroticism (N3) dimension, based on the a priori hypothesis predicting a relationship between depression-related traits and family SES (Goodman et al, 2003;Tracy et al, 2008). The N3 consists of eight items, including two reverse-scored items to reduce the effects of acquiescence.…”

Section: Measuring the Level Of Depression-related Personality Traitsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…SES-related mental health disparities have become an increasingly important and visible part of the public health landscape (Zimmerman & Katon, 2005). For example, many researchers have focused on the relationship of SES disparities with depression, and their work indicates that SES is associated with depressive symptoms and a greater likelihood of depression (Goodman, 1999;Goodman, Slap, & Huang, 2003;McLoyd, 1997;Tracy, Zimmerman, Galea, McCauley, & Stoep, 2008).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Regional gray matter volume mediates the relationship between family socioeconomic status and depression-related trait in a young healthy sample

Yang

Liu

Wei

et al. 2015

Cogn Affect Behav Neurosci

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Socioeconomic status (SES) is a complex phenomenon that is predicted by a broad spectrum of variables and is often conceptualized as a combination of financial, occupational, and educational influences. SES is associated with symptoms of depression and depression-related personality traits. Many studies have focused on the relationship between SES and depression symptoms in clinical subjects; however, there are few studies of the neural basis of the relationship between SES and depression-related personality traits in nonclinical subjects. Thus, in the present study, we studied the neural basis of the relationship between SES and depressionrelated traits. The first step was to use voxel-based morphometry (VBM) to investigate the neuroanatomical basis underlying family SES in a large sample of healthy subjects. We found a significant negative correlation between family SES and the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) that extending to the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC). Then, the mediation analysis revealed that the correlation between family SES, especially family income, and depression-related traits were mediated by the region of the mPFC that extending to the ACC volume. These findings suggest that the family income may play more important role in driving depression-related traits than that of parental education. They also suggest that the mPFC extension to the ACC may play an important role in the correlation between familial SES, especially with respect to family income and the depression-related traits.

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“…Neglect often occurs in the presence of other psychosocial risk factors, such as low socioeconomic status (SES) and exposure to violence [83][84][85]. Low SES and exposure to violence have each been associated with increased depressive symptoms in childhood [83,86,87]. Specifically, children who experience neglect may be at increased risk of experiencing shame, which in turn increases their risk for depressive symptoms [83].…”

Section: Family and Hereditary Factorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The associations of being overweight and low socioeconomic status in childhood depression have been well documented [162]. Children in families of low socioeconomic status that experience family disruption or parental divorce, or that have a history of mental disorders may be at an increased risk of developing depression in later life [87,162,163].…”

Section: Comorbiditiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Childhood Depression As Emerging Public Health Problem: A Systematic Review

Pimentel¹,

Júnior²,

Júnior³

et al. 2015

Int Arch Med

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As an important problem of public health, the childhood depression deserves special attention, in which the serious and long term consequences of the disease weigh to the childhood development. Taking this in consideration, the present study was based in the following research question: which practical contribution the actual scientific literature about childhood depression has to offer to clinicians and researchers? The aim of the present study was to evaluate the actual evidence concerning the different aspects (etiology/risk factors, diagnosis, treatment, prognostic and prevention) of childhood depression, with the purpose to systematize such evidences and to contribute with the knowledge about the problem. In way to reach this aim, it was performed a systematic review of articles about childhood depression, in the period from January first of 2010 to January 16 of 2014, in the databases PubMED, MEDLINE and SciELO. In the research, the following terms were used: "depression" (MeSH), "child" (MeSH) and "childhood depression" (Keyword). Of the 860 found studies, 76 met the eligibility criteria. The found studies covered a wide variety of aspects related to childhood depression, as diagnosis, treatment, prevention and prognostic. The actual scientific literature about the childhood depression converges to, directly or not, highlight the negative impacts of the depression disorders to the life quality of the children. Unfortunately, the found studies show that the childhood depression is a disorder that develops most commonly in a poverty and vulnerability scenery, where the individual and familiar necessities concerning the childhood depression are not always taken in consideration. In this context, this review demonstrates that the depression started in

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What explains the relation between family poverty and childhood depressive symptoms?

Cited by 105 publications

References 79 publications

Mediators and Adverse Effects of Child Poverty in the United States

Mediators and Adverse Effects of Child Poverty in the United States

Regional gray matter volume mediates the relationship between family socioeconomic status and depression-related trait in a young healthy sample

Childhood Depression As Emerging Public Health Problem: A Systematic Review

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