What explains the von Restorff effect? Contrasting distinctive processing and retrieval cue efficacy

Chee, Qian Wen; Goh, Winston D.

doi:10.1016/j.jml.2017.11.002

Cited by 14 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…An interesting prediction from this perspective is that instructions encouraging distinctive/item-level processing should reduce the effect of offloading on memory. Nairne (2006; see also Chee & Goh, 2018) suggests that increased retrieval for distinctive items occurs because retrieval cues of distinct/isolated instances do not, by definition, match the other nondistinct instances that occur with the isolate. From this perspective, retrieval processes can, at least partially, account for isolation effects.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…From this perspective, retrieval processes can, at least partially, account for isolation effects. Recall of isolates is enhanced because the retrieval cues for isolates efficiently and selectively specify the isolates and not other items (Chee & Goh, 2018). In the context of the present results, this would suggest that even when we can rely on an external store to offload memory, sufficient information is encoded to enable the greater recall of isolates to arise at retrieval.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The isolation effect when offloading memory.

Kelly¹,

Risko²

2019

Journal of Applied Research in Memory and Cognition

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Offloading is a widespread and vital strategy for remembering. Yet, we lack a deep understanding of the mechanisms involved during the offloading of to-be-remembered information. One hypothesis is that offloading information is associated with a reduced engagement of top-down mnemonic strategies. A resulting prediction is that phenomena not solely by-products of such mechanisms should remain during offloading. We tested this prediction using the isolation effect (when recall is better for distinct items relative to nondistinct items). Participants had to remember lists of items (words) and, in most cases, were told that they could rely on an external store. On one trial, this expectation was violated, and participants had to unexpectedly rely on their internal/biological memory. Consistent with the prediction, results demonstrate a robust isolation effect irrespective of whether individuals could offload. The findings suggest that memory for distinct events is less susceptible to the typical cost of offloading to-be-remembered information.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The isolation effect when offloading memory.

Kelly¹,

Risko²

2019

Journal of Applied Research in Memory and Cognition

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“…Story bias is connected with the Von Restorff effect. This effect represents the tendency to remember what stands out in some way (Chee and Goh, 2018). In reviews, this can include using emojis, writing the review in capital letters only, using bullets, and other symbols.…”

Section: Cognitive Biases In the Domain Of User Reviewsmentioning

confidence: 99%

What Cognitive Biases Attack Potential Customers in User Reviews the Most?

Bauerová¹,

Ikášová²,

Kopřivová³

et al. 2022

AAK

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“…As of the writing of the current article, von Restorff's dissertation article has been cited 236 times according to PsycInfo and 817 times Note. In this list, taken p. 301 of her article, there are four nonsense syllable pairsthe non-isolates (referred to as "massed" by von Restorff) and one each of pairs from the four other sets (number pairs, letter pairs, character pairs, and color pairs)the isolates according to Google Scholar, including citations in new empirical work that continues to emerge on her phenomenon (e.g., Chee & Goh, 2018).…”

Section: Status Of the Von Restorff Effect Todaymentioning

confidence: 99%

Zeigarnik and von Restorff: The memory effects and the stories behind them

MacLeod

2020

Mem Cogn

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Two of the best known eponymous phenomena in memory research were carried out as dissertations in the same era at the same university, each supervised by an influential researcher working within the Gestalt framework. Both examined the influence of unexpected events on memory. Bluma Zeigarnik (Psychologische Forschung, 9, 1-85, 1927) first reported that memory is better for interrupted tasks than for completed tasks, a phenomenon long known as the Zeigarnik effect. Hedwig von Restorff (Psychologische Forschung, 18, 299-342, 1933) first reported that memory is better for isolated than for non-isolated pieces of information, a phenomenon long known as the von Restorff effect. In this article, I present: (1) a biographical sketch of the researcher behind each phenomenon, (2) a description of their dissertation research, and (3) an evaluation of the current status of each phenomenon.

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What explains the von Restorff effect? Contrasting distinctive processing and retrieval cue efficacy

Cited by 14 publications

References 30 publications

The isolation effect when offloading memory.

The isolation effect when offloading memory.

What Cognitive Biases Attack Potential Customers in User Reviews the Most?

Zeigarnik and von Restorff: The memory effects and the stories behind them

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