“…Additionally, this area is a key laboratory for the study of a critical transition between the Palaeozoic continental amalgamation and the Meso‐Cenozoic intracontinental evolution during Permian (Allen, Şengör, & Natal'In, ; Carroll, Graham, Hendrix, Ying, & Zhou, ; Chen, Shu, & Santosh, ; Hendrix et al, ; Jolivet et al, ; Şengör, Natal'in, & Burtman, ; Shu et al, ; Windley, Allen, Zhang, Zhao, & Wang, ; Xiao et al, ; S. Zhao et al, ). A number of studies have been carried out in this region and proposed different tectonic models, including (a) contractional tectonic regime and foreland basins throughout the Permian (He et al, ; H. Liu, Liang, Cai, Xia, & Liu, ); (b) post‐collision extensional tectonic regime and rift basins during the Permian (Fang et al, ; D. Liu et al, ; Obrist‐Farner & Yang, ; J. Wang, Wu, et al, ); (c) strike‐slip tectonic regime and transtensional basins (Allen et al, ); and (d) Early–Middle Permian post‐collision extensional tectonic regime and rift basins, while tectonic contraction and inversion occurred during the Late Permian (J. Wang, Cao, et al, ; Wartes et al, ). It is worth pointing out that most of these conclusions were made based on structural deformation (Wartes et al, ), sedimentology (Allen et al, ; Fang et al, ; Obrist‐Farner & Yang, ; J. Wang, Cao, et al, ; Wartes et al, ), and detrital zircon U–Pb geochronology (D. Liu et al, ; J. Wang, Wu, et al, ) of outcrop sections within the Eastern Tianshan area, with very limited subsurface and intrabasinal data.…”