What happens to young adults who have engaged in self-injurious behavior as adolescents? A 10-year follow-up

Daukantaité, Daiva; Lundh, Lars‐Gunnar; Wångby‐Lundh, Margit; Claréus, Benjamin; Bjärehed, Jonas; Zhou, Yuwei; Liljedahl, Sophie

doi:10.1007/s00787-020-01533-4

Cited by 99 publications

(96 citation statements)

References 59 publications

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“…2,3 NSSI typically emerges in adolescents between 12 and 16 years of age and appears to resolve by young adulthood in most cases. 4,5 Studies show that at least half of those who endorse a history of NSSI hurt themselves only a few times, 6,7 however, a subgroup of individuals continue the behavior chronically and require clinical intervention. 8 Dimensional approaches to psychiatry have received increasing attention in recent years, offering a new framework for understanding shared mechanisms underlying previously separate diagnostic categories.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Behavioral measures of impulsivity and compulsivity in adolescents with nonsuicidal self-injury

et al. 2021

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Background Nonsuicidal self-injury (NSSI) is prevalent among adolescents and research is needed to clarify the mechanisms which contribute to the behavior. Here, the authors relate behavioral neurocognitive measures of impulsivity and compulsivity to repetitive and sporadic NSSI in a community sample of adolescents. Methods Computerized laboratory tasks (Affective Go/No-Go, Cambridge Gambling Task, and Probabilistic Reversal Task) were used to evaluate cognitive performance. Participants were adolescents aged 15 to 17 with (n = 50) and without (n = 190) NSSI history, sampled from the ROOTS project which recruited adolescents from secondary schools in Cambridgeshire, UK. NSSI was categorized as sporadic (1-3 instances per year) or repetitive (4 or more instances per year). Analyses were carried out in a series of linear and negative binomial regressions, controlling for age, gender, intelligence, and recent depressive symptoms. Results Adolescents with lifetime NSSI, and repetitive NSSI specifically, made significantly more perseverative errors on the Probabilistic Reversal Task and exhibited significantly lower quality of decision making on the Cambridge Gambling Task compared to no-NSSI controls. Those with sporadic NSSI did not significantly differ from no-NSSI controls on task performance. NSSI was not associated with behavioral measures of impulsivity. Conclusions Repetitive NSSI is associated with increased behavioral compulsivity and disadvantageous decision making, but not with behavioral impulsivity. Future research should continue to investigate how neurocognitive phenotypes contribute to the onset and maintenance of NSSI, and determine whether compulsivity and addictive features of NSSI are potential targets for treatment.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Behavioral measures of impulsivity and compulsivity in adolescents with nonsuicidal self-injury

et al. 2021

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“…At the same time, even though DBT also demonstrated effectiveness in reducing NSSI among adolescents with traits of BPD [108], not everyone needs and/or wants such specialized and intensive treatment. Limited resources, a lack of specialized therapists, and the finding that many (especially young people) do not find their way to conventional therapy [8,109] call for an integrated stepped-care model in which the most effective, yet least resource-intensive intervention, is considered first [110].…”

Section: Which Treatment To Use When Ed Behaviors and Nssi Are Presenmentioning

confidence: 99%

Non-Suicidal Self-Injury and Eating Disordered Behaviors: An Update on What We Do and Do Not Know

Kiekens

Claes

2020

Curr Psychiatry Rep

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Purpose of Review The current report aims to summarize recent advances about the relationship between non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) and eating disordered (ED) behaviors and highlights meaningful directions for future research. Recent Findings While there is solid evidence indicating a robust cross-sectional association between NSSI and ED behaviors, emerging evidence suggests that the temporal relationship between these behaviors may be bidirectional. Shared functions and risk factors may explain why these behaviors often co-develop. At the same time, little is still known about the psychosocial consequences of comorbid NSSI and ED engagement, and there is a lack of intervention studies that target these behaviors simultaneously. Summary It is well-established that NSSI and ED behaviors frequently co-occur. The field should now turn to longitudinal designs to advance our understanding of the longer-term developmental and the shorter-term momentary relationship of these behaviors in daily life. Providing insight into these areas will help guide the deployment of evidence-based interventions that match the needs of clients who report comorbid NSSI and ED behaviors.

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“…The findings of the study point to certain clinical implications and underscore the importance of being aware of hyperactivity difficulties in preschool children, as it may compromise their later relationships with peers and ultimately increase the risk of DSH, which is an indicator of decreased well-being as well as a risk factor for a wide range of psychosocial problems, including loneliness, social isolation, negative self-image, dropping out of education, alcohol and drug abuse, depression, eating disorders and other mental health problems, including suicidal behavior ( 95 , 96 ). It is important to be aware of and act on the distal risk factors for DSH as early as possible.…”

Section: Clinical Significancementioning

confidence: 99%

Before the damage is done: Early childhood hyperactivity difficulties in adolescents with deliberate self-harm – findings from the DALSC cohort

Evald¹,

Møhl

2020

Scandinavian Journal of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychology

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Background: Deliberate self-harm (DSH) is a growing issue among Danish adolescents, and a dramatic increase in the incidence of DSH has been observed since the turn of the millennium. The importance of early childhood factors on later development has been established, but research on the trajectories of DSH is still scarce, and longitudinal studies are much needed. Method: Participants were 3,291 children and their mothers from The Danish Longitudinal Survey of Children (DALSC), a Danish population-based birth cohort from 1995. Logistic regression and mediation analyses were used to examine significant early childhood determinants of self-harming behavior in adolescence. Results: The study found that 17.9% of the children had a history with DSH at the age of 18 years. A significant relationship was found between the likelihood of DSH at the age of 18 years and hyperactivity difficulties assessed through the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) at 3 and 7 years of age. Using a mediation model, it is documented that difficulties in peer relationships at the age of 11 years is a partial mediator explaining 19% of the variation. Limitations: i) a vague definition of self-harm in the questionnaires; ii) lack of sample representation as children of lower socio-economic groups have lower participation rates, and only Danish-ethnicity children have been sampled; iii) possibility of omitted variable bias. Conclusion: The adolescents engaging in DSH are experiencing a more complex range of psychosocial problems than those who do not have experience with DSH. The main finding of the study is that hyperactivity as a risk factor for the development of DSH in adolescence can be identified as early as 3–7 years of age. This relationship between the very early occurring hyperactivity and later DSH, to the best of our knowledge, has not previously been described.

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What happens to young adults who have engaged in self-injurious behavior as adolescents? A 10-year follow-up

Cited by 99 publications

References 59 publications

Behavioral measures of impulsivity and compulsivity in adolescents with nonsuicidal self-injury

Behavioral measures of impulsivity and compulsivity in adolescents with nonsuicidal self-injury

Non-Suicidal Self-Injury and Eating Disordered Behaviors: An Update on What We Do and Do Not Know

Before the damage is done: Early childhood hyperactivity difficulties in adolescents with deliberate self-harm – findings from the DALSC cohort

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