What have we really learned from functional connectivity in clinical populations?

Zhang, Jiahe; Kucyi, Aaron; Raya, Jovicarole; Nielsen, Ashley N.; Nomi, Jason S.; Damoiseaux, Jessica S.; Greene, Deanna J.; Horovitz, Silvina G.; Uddin, Lucina Q.; Whitfield-Gabrieli, Susan

doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2021.118466

Cited by 85 publications

(49 citation statements)

References 290 publications

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“…We found similar RSFC for each pair of groups for the 360 x 360 matrix (HC vs. BP: r=.76, p<10 -7 ; HC vs. SZ: r=.77, p<10 -7 ; BP vs. HC: r.=.73, p<10 -7 ) and for the 36 x 36 shape completion network (HC vs. BP: r=.93, p<10 -7 ; HC vs. SZ: r=.93, p<10 -7 ; BP vs. HC: r.=.91, p<10 -7 ). These results show that the shape completion network was approximately intact in each patient group and that eliciting more obvious group differences in neural activity requires either larger samples (Spronk et al, 2020;J. Zhang et al, 2021) or task engagement (Greene et al, 2018;Sripada et al, 2020).…”

Section: Shape Completion Parcels Were Densely and Similarly Inter-connected In Each Groupmentioning

confidence: 70%

Brain network mechanisms of visual perceptual organization in schizophrenia and bipolar disorder

Keane

Krekelberg

Mill

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Visual shape completion is a canonical perceptual process that integrates spatially distributed edge information into unified representations of objects. People with schizophrenia show difficulty in discriminating completed shapes but the brain networks and functional connections underlying this perceptual difference remain poorly understood. Also unclear is whether similar neural differences arise in bipolar disorder or vary across the schizo-bipolar spectrum. To address these topics, we scanned (fMRI) people with schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, or no psychiatric illness during rest and during a task in which they discriminated configurations that formed or failed to form completed shapes (illusory and fragmented condition, respectively). Illusory/fragmented task activation differences ('modulations'), resting-state functional connectivity, and multivariate pattern differences were identified on the cortical surface using 360 predefined parcels and 12 functional networks composed of such parcels. Brain activity flow mapping was used to evaluate the likely involvement of resting-state connections for shape completion. Dorsal attention network modulations distinguished people with schizophrenia (AUCs>.85) and could trans-diagnostically predict cognitive disorganization severity. Activity flow over functional connections from the dorsal attention network could predict secondary visual network modulations in each group, except among those with schizophrenia. Task modulations among patients were more heterogeneous and dispersed over a larger number of networks compared to controls. In summary, abnormal dorsal attention network activity emerges during perceptual organization in schizophrenia and may be related to improper attention-related feedback into secondary visual areas. Patients with either disorder may compensate for abnormal perception by an idiosyncratic recruitment of regions across multiple non-visual networks.

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Section: Shape Completion Parcels Were Densely and Similarly Inter-connected In Each Groupmentioning

confidence: 70%

Brain network mechanisms of visual perceptual organization in schizophrenia and bipolar disorder

Keane

Krekelberg

Mill

et al. 2022

Preprint

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“…The high inter-individual variability of structural effects, however, does not allow an accurate prediction of the spatial topography in the EEG-based network change. It is also commonly observed that the network changes may be more diffuse than their associated structural changes ( Zhang et al. 2021 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phase-Based Cortical Synchrony Is Affected by Prematurity

et al. 2021

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Inter-areal synchronization by phase–phase correlations (PPCs) of cortical oscillations mediates many higher neurocognitive functions, which are often affected by prematurity, a globally prominent neurodevelopmental risk factor. Here, we used electroencephalography to examine brain-wide cortical PPC networks at term-equivalent age, comparing human infants after early prematurity to a cohort of healthy controls. We found that prematurity affected these networks in a sleep state-specific manner, and the differences between groups were also frequency-selective, involving brain-wide connections. The strength of synchronization in these networks was predictive of clinical outcomes in the preterm infants. These findings show that prematurity affects PPC networks in a clinically significant manner, suggesting early functional biomarkers of later neurodevelopmental compromise that may be used in clinical or translational studies after early neonatal adversity.

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“…Descriptive network approaches typically use graph metrics to quantitatively map variation in the architecture of connectivity patterns (Rubinov & Sporns, 2010). Such approaches have elucidated links between variation in network topology and variation in cognition and symptomatology (Chu-Shore et al, 2011;Parkes et al, 2020;Zhang et al, 2021). More recently, predictive network approaches have focused in on how activity in one or a few brain regions can predictably drive changes in other brain regions.…”

Section: Emergence Across Brain Networkmentioning

confidence: 99%

Capturing developmental dynamics within a transdiagnostic framework: Challenges and promises

Astle¹,

Bassett²,

Viding³

2022

Preprint

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There is a growing body of research that seeks to understand the mechanisms that drive and maintain neurodevelopmental differences, without recourse to conventional diagnostic categories. So called ‘transdiagnostic’ studies change multiple design features, relative to a more conventional case-control design. Different sampling frames, approaches to assessment and analytic frameworks are allowing researchers to explore neurocognitive mechanisms across hitherto accepted diagnostic boundaries. Sensitive measurement, bridging levels of analysis, and capturing developmental change all pose significant challenges to transdiagnostic researchers. However, methods borrowed from elsewhere, allowing researchers to model individual-level data rather than the group average, and a new focus on developing circuits rather than singular brain regions, are bringing fresh mechanistic insights. We argue that a transdiagnostic approach needs to do more than just improve the characterisation of neurodivergent young people; in future it must also incorporate the developmental dynamics that capture how and when neurodevelopmental differences emerge. This crucial step will require methodological innovation. We introduce approaches that are just emerging within the field, which may allow us to do this, including Generative Network Modelling, Impulse Response Analysis, Network Control Theory and Normative Modelling.

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What have we really learned from functional connectivity in clinical populations?

Cited by 85 publications

References 290 publications

Brain network mechanisms of visual perceptual organization in schizophrenia and bipolar disorder

Brain network mechanisms of visual perceptual organization in schizophrenia and bipolar disorder

Phase-Based Cortical Synchrony Is Affected by Prematurity

Capturing developmental dynamics within a transdiagnostic framework: Challenges and promises

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