“What if I’m not trans enough? What if I’m not man enough?”: Transgender young adults’ experiences of gender-affirming healthcare readiness assessments in Aotearoa New Zealand

Fraser, Gloria; Brady, Anita; Wilson, Marc

doi:10.1080/26895269.2021.1933669

Cited by 22 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…The findings of the study are very much in line with those of previous international research about the experiences of transgender individuals when accessing gender-affirming care [ 7 , 13 , 39 ]. When locating the study in the broader international context, it confirms that there are a number of changes that are to be implemented in order to decrease structural inequalities in the gender-affirming health service system in general, but also on the broader societal level in particular.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

“…4 Previous research shows that when the role of mental health professionals in the transitioning process is merely diagnostic, and not solely supportive, the mental health professionals are often viewed as gatekeepers by transgender patients, resulting in negative effects on the patients’ experiences with healthcare providers [ 5 , 6 ]. Discussions around similar approaches have long addressed concerns and rejected approaches that tend to focus on ascertaining whether a patient is “trans enough.” Scholarly research has shown negative impacts of the pathologization of transgender identities, [ 7 ] and lights the path to new approaches. These approaches focus on the presence of gender dysphoria and on informing the patients on the potential risks and benefits of particular gender affirmation treatments —leaving the decisions in the hands of the patients [ 8 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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(Dis)advantaged positions in accessing gender-affirming healthcare in Finland: an intersectional qualitative study of foreign-origin transgender people

Czimbalmos

Rask

2022

BMC Health Serv Res

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Background An increasing body of scholarship focuses on transgender individuals’ experiences when accessing gender-affirming healthcare. However, the experiences of transgender individuals who identify as being of foreign-origin in Finland have rarely been studied. This study aims to fill the gap in research and contribute to the understanding of the experiences of transgender individuals who also identify as belonging to the foreign-origin populations in Finland. Methods Fourteen semi-structured qualitative interviews were conducted and analyzed with reflexive thematic analysis (RTA), through the framework of intersectionality. The interviews were part of a broader sample of qualitative data, collected about the experiences of sexual and gender minorities among the foreign-origin populations in Finland. Results The analysis showed two main interconnected themes. Firstly, perceived barriers when accessing gender-affirming care. In this theme, the intersections of transgender identity, foreign background, class, and age affected the experiences of the individuals. Secondly, the necessity of “performing identities:” the intersections of class, transgender identity, nativity, and race affected those. Conclusion The findings of the current study suggest that the intersectional aspects of individual identities create structural inequalities in the Finnish gender-affirming healthcare system. To tackle these inequalities, further research is needed on the healthcare experiences of gender minorities in Finland both within and outside the scope of transgender-specific healthcare.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

(Dis)advantaged positions in accessing gender-affirming healthcare in Finland: an intersectional qualitative study of foreign-origin transgender people

Czimbalmos

Rask

2022

BMC Health Serv Res

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“…Ordinarily this is in relation to starting hormone replacement therapy (HRT), but can also cover topics including, but not limited to, future surgeries an individual may want to have as part of their transition. 22 As a part of this process, individuals are diagnosed with gender dysphoria (that is, psychological distress due to incongruence between assigned sex [at birth] and gender identity), 23 which allows them access to gender-affirming healthcare (although services offered vary between DHBs).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mainstream media discourse around top surgery in Aotearoa New Zealand: a qualitative analysis

Duncan¹,

Eggleton²

2022

Australas J Plast Surg

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Background: Gender-affirming breast surgery (colloquially known as ‘top surgery’) can be an important intervention for transgender individuals. Top surgery is also a key component of care for non-binary and gender non-conforming individuals. Aotearoa New Zealand secondary care physicians are not aware of all available services, and no studies have investigated public perception of availability and funding of top surgery in Aotearoa. Method: We analysed the text and comments sections of all relevant Aotearoa news articles over a five-year period using a general inductive thematic analysis approach. Articles were included if they were published between 2015 and 2020, available online, text-based (that is, articles solely in video format were not included), and contained the words ‘chest’, ‘breast’, ‘top’, 'implant', 'implants', ‘mastectomy’ or ‘boob’. Results: The analysis resulted in a model of four themes–public funding, [trans] experiences, [trans] issues amenable to intervention and [trans] issues not amenable to intervention. Conclusion: The discourse around top surgery in Aotearoa is mixed; some individuals consider top surgery to be an essential medical procedure deserving of public funding, while others describe it as a frivolous cosmetic procedure. The perspectives of transgender individuals clearly communicated a frustration around a lack of funding and transparency in the availability of top surgery in Aotearoa. We recommend the release of clear criteria from the Ministry of Health regarding public funding and availability of top surgery across Aotearoa to address this frustration.

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“…Conversion therapy was developed as an anti-transgender therapy, and existing literarure clearly evidences that young, transgender and non-binary (TNB) people are more likely to experience conversion therapy than young cisgender people (Ashley, 2020;Higbee et al, 2020). These same young people also experience a lack of access to gender-affirming healthcare which has been described as "patchy" and inconsistent across different District Health Boards in Aotearoa (Fraser et al, 2021). Seeking gender-affirming healthcare is often where conversion therapy efforts occur for at least one out of five TNB people in Aotearoa (Veale et al, 2021).…”

Section: Registered Social Workermentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Academic social work in Aotearoa New Zealand can also be used to inform policies; currently very little exists in the conversion therapy and gender-affirming care field with it primarily coming from other health professions and sociology departments. The academic social work field should make a concerted effort to contribute to these areas that are heavily underresearched such as TNB people's experience of accessing gender-affirming care in Aotearoa New Zealand (Fraser et al, 2021). SAMHSA (2015) highlight the need for greater information and training for healthcare providers.…”

Section: Recommendations For Improving Health and Wellbeing Services ...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Is banning conversion therapy enough?

Little

2022

ANZSWJ

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The practice of conversion therapy and lack of access to gender-affirming healthcare is a significant health issue in Aotearoa New Zealand. Recently introduced legislation has sparked media coverage of the need for a ban of conversion therapy, with the current Labour government acknowledging that it causes harm and is linked to serious mental health issues. A literature search was conducted to understand what information is available in Aotearoa New Zealand, and internationally, regarding conversion therapy and access to gender-affirming healthcare. The findings reported here exemplify that, despite this practice presenting a significant health issue for transgender and non-binary people, the topic is significantly under- researched in Aotearoa New Zealand, particularly in the social work field. The following article considers the health, political, legal, and religious aspects of conversion therapy and access to gender affirming healthcare in existing literature, making recommendations for future social work research investment to better advocate for and support transgender and non-binary people.

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“What if I’m not trans enough? What if I’m not man enough?”: Transgender young adults’ experiences of gender-affirming healthcare readiness assessments in Aotearoa New Zealand

Cited by 22 publications

References 26 publications

(Dis)advantaged positions in accessing gender-affirming healthcare in Finland: an intersectional qualitative study of foreign-origin transgender people

(Dis)advantaged positions in accessing gender-affirming healthcare in Finland: an intersectional qualitative study of foreign-origin transgender people

Mainstream media discourse around top surgery in Aotearoa New Zealand: a qualitative analysis

Is banning conversion therapy enough?

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