What is a Case of Tuberculosis? The Tuberculosis Case Spectrum in Eight Countries Evaluated from 1235 Case Histories and Roentgenograms

Horwitz, O; Comstock, George W.

doi:10.1093/ije/2.2.145

Cited by 12 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…Thus, in patients where live bacilli were present, antibody levels would have been continually boosted by the secretion of the 38 kDa antigen, whereas in patients where tubercle bacilli had been killed, an exponential decline in antibody levels to the TB72 epitope would be expected. Radiographic features associated with a greater likelihood of reactivation [23,24] were present in patients with a positive TB72-test: dense calcified opacities were present in patients with untreated tuberculosis, but no antibody to the TB72 epitope. Now that reactivation is increasingly responsible for active tuberculosis [7], the combination of the TB72-test with a typical chest radiograph might be particularly helpful in the early diagnosis of recurrent tuberculosis.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical evaluation of a serological assay using a monoclonal antibody (TB72) to the 38 kDa antigen of Mycobacterium tuberculosis

Bothamley¹,

Rudd²

1994

Eur Respir J

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C Cl li in ni ic ca al l e ev va al lu ua at ti io on n o of f a a s se er ro ol lo og gi ic ca al l a as ss sa ay y u us si in ng g a a m mo on no oc cl lo on na al l a an nt ti ib bo od dy y ( (T TB B7 72 2) ) t to o t th he e 3 38 8 k kD Da a a an nt ti ig ge en n o of f M My yc co ob ba ac ct te er ri iu um m t tu ub be er rc cu ul lo os si is s We conclude that the TB72 test provides additional information in the diagnosis and treatment of tuberculosis. Antibody titres >10 suggest active tuberculosis; titres of 3-10 merit observation.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical evaluation of a serological assay using a monoclonal antibody (TB72) to the 38 kDa antigen of Mycobacterium tuberculosis

Bothamley¹,

Rudd²

1994

Eur Respir J

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“…The majority of TB cases in both developed and developing countries results from the reactivation of LTBI. Previous estimates were that 90% of cases arose from reactivation, 7,81 but more recent epidemiologic studies using molecular techniques suggest that one third of cases or more result from recent transmission, with the greatest proportion of recently transmitted cases occurring among HIV-seropositive subjects. 82,83 Either way, the 1.8 billion persons in the world estimated to harbor latent TB bacilli represent an enormous reservoir of potential TB cases.…”

Section: Treatment Of Latent Tb Infection-objectives Of Ltbi Treatmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Latent Tuberculosis Infection

Nuermberger

Bishai

Grosset

2004

Seminars in Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine

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Latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) is a clinical condition characterized by a positive tuberculin skin test in the absence of clinical or radiological signs of active tuberculosis disease. It has been estimated that one third of the world's population is latently infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis and serves as an enormous reservoir for future cases of active tuberculosis. The detection and treatment of individuals with LTBI and a high risk of progression to active tuberculosis are effective means to control the spread of tuberculosis. Furthermore, a better understanding of the host-pathogen interactions that result in latent infection could provide important insights for future drug or vaccine development. This chapter reviews recent developments in the molecular genetics, natural history, diagnosis, and treatment of LTBI within its historical context, including the impact of human immunodeficiency virus infection. Current treatment recommendations are also summarized.

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