What is an intelligent system?

Abstract

The concept of intelligent system has emerged in information technology as a type of system derived from successful applications of artificial intelligence. The goal of this paper is to give a general description of an intelligent system, which integrates previous approaches and takes into account recent advances in artificial intelligence. The paper describes an intelligent system in a generic way, identifying its main properties and functional components, and presents some common categories. The presented description follows a practical approach to be used by system engineers. Its generality and its use is illustrated with real-world system examples and related with artificial intelligence methods.

Digital Twin: Where do humans fit in?

“…Many other forms of taxonomies and hierarchies were studied in the contexts of level of automation [4,66], levels of autonomous driving [90], and types of intelligence [92] to inform the initial design.…”

“…Following the functional requirements, the intent of the initial design was to (1) describe and explain different types, ideas, and technologies that are commonly termed DT and (2) arrange them in the form of a hierarchy that relates to the way humans work. Many other forms of taxonomies and hierarchies were studied in the contexts of level of automation [4,66], levels of autonomous driving [90], and types of intelligence [92] to inform the initial design.…”