What Is behind the Correlation Analysis of Diarrheagenic E. coli Pathotypes?

Abstract

The treatment failure recorded among patients and animals infected with diarrheagenic Escherichia coli (DEC) was increased due to the presence of specific virulence markers among these strains. These markers were used to classify DEC into several pathotypes. We analyzed the correlations between DEC pathotypes and antimicrobial resistances, the existence of virulence genes, serotypes, and hosts. The ETEC pathotype was detected with a high prevalence rate (25%). Moreover, the ETEC and EPEC pathotypes were highly associated with human infections in contrast to the EIEC and EAEC phenotypes, which were commonly recognized among animal isolates. Interestingly, the antimicrobial resistance was affected by E. coli pathotypes. With the exception of EIEC and STEC, imipenem represented the most effective antibiotic against the other pathotypes. There were fixed correlations between the DEC pathotypes and the presence of virulence markers and hosts; meanwhile, their correlation with serotypes was variable. Additionally, the vast majority of our isolates were highly diverse, based on both phenotypic and ERIC molecular typing techniques. Our promising results gave a clear indication for the heterogeneity and weak clonality of DEC pathotypes in Egypt, which can be utilized in the evaluation of the current therapeutic protocols and infection control guidelines.

Diarrheic <i>Escherichia coli</i>: A Predominant Etiological Agent of Gastroenteritis, a Case Study in Douala, Cameroon

“…Based on antibiotic resistance profiles, diarrheic E. coli showed 56 distinctive resistance profiles with resistance levels ranging from one to ten antibiotic classes, which allowed us to find that 88.9% (n = 64/72) of isolates were MDR. Similar results have been described in diarrheic E. coli in Egypt, which found 90% MDR among isolates [39]. These results could be linked to a carriage of genetic elements such as integrons, genetic structures that will allow the bacteria to capture many antibiotic resistance genes.…”

“…Analysis of the correlation between diarrheic E. coli antimicrobial resistance and virulence profiles Journal of Biosciences and Medicines can help physicians avoid treatment failure. Indeed, the choice of antimicrobial therapies depends on the type of diarrheic E. coli as well as its virulence and resistance profiles [39]. Similar high rates of resistance have been described previously on diarrheic E. coli in the case of Mbouda, West region which was found with amoxicillin and trimetoprim + sulfamethazole [36].…”

Multidrug resistant and multivirulent avian bacterial pathogens: tackling experimental leg disorders using phytobiotics and antibiotics alone or in combination

“…In brief, the collected samples were transferred to sterile buffered peptone water before being inoculated into Rappaport-Vassiliadis broth and incubated at 42°C for 24 h. Subsequently, a loopful of Rappaport-Vassiliadis broth was streaked onto MacConkey's and xylose lysine desoxycholate agar plates and the plates were incubated at 37°C for 24 h. For E. coli isolation, all collected samples were suspended in buffered peptone water, then the enrichment broth was streaked onto MacConkey's and eosin methylene blue agar media. Subsequently, the suspected E. coli and Salmonella cultures were identified using standard conventional phenotypic techniques ( Cruickshank et al, 1975 ; Ammar et al, 2015 ; Bendary et al, 2022a , b ; Elfaky et al, 2022 ). Furthermore, presumptive isolates were confirmed via API20E identification system (BioMérieux, Marcy l'Etoile, France) following the manufacturer's directions.…”

Characteristics of Pathogenic Escherichia coli Associated with Diarrhea in Children under Five Years in Northwestern Ethiopia

“…The acquisition of various virulence genes has resulted in the formation of specific pathotypes involved in diarrheal diseases called diarrheagenic E. coli (DEC) [ 4 ]. DEC isolates are classified based on the phenotypic traits and the presence of individual and combined virulence factors: enterotoxigenic E. coli (ETEC), enteroinvasive E. coli (EIEC), enteroaggregative E. coli (EAEC), enteropathogenic E. coli (EPEC), enterohemorrhagic E. coli (EHEC), Shiga toxin-producing E. coli (STEC), diffusely adherent E. coli (DAEC) [ 5 , 6 ].…”