What is eating you? Stress and the drive to eat

Groesz, Lisa M.; McCoy, Shannon K.; Carl, Jenna R.; Saslow, Laura R.; Stewart, Judith; Adler, Nancy J.; Laraia, Barbara A.; Epel, Elissa S.

doi:10.1016/j.appet.2011.11.028

Cited by 311 publications

(240 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…Binge eating is associated with greater stress. 21 Keeping stress internalised can lead to emotional exhaustion 20,21 and may leave doctors ill-equipped to deal with the emotional demands of their job. Also of concern was that three respondents (0.5%) reported using non-legal drugs to help them cope with stress.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Practise what you preach: health behaviours and stress among non-consultant hospital doctors

Feeney

O’Brien²,

O’Keeffe³

et al. 2016

Clinical Medicine

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JournalClinical medicine (London, England) ABSTRACT IntroductionDoctors may experience better physical health than the general population, but higher rates of mental illness, suicide, depression, compassion fatigue and substance misuse are widely described. 1,2 In addition, workplace stress can lead to high rates of doctor burnout. 2Although the need to address doctors' health has been recognised, 2-5 medical training internationally gives little emphasis to self-care.2 In Ireland, some support services are available for doctors, although these are limited. 6 A key difficulty is the issue of unconventional access to health services. Studies have shown that doctors often engage in selfprescribing, self-referral, 'corridor consultations', denial and symptom minimisation.2,3,7 Many work through illness which can impact negatively on the care of their patients. Non-consultant hospital doctors (NCHDs) experience particular stressors associated with working in hospital jobs and being at an early stage of their careers. 8 In Ireland, training requires NCHDs to frequently relocate. This, combined with health expenditure cutbacks, increased healthcare demand, non-compliance with the European Working Time Directive (EWTD) and increased public expectations, has led to difficult working conditions. 8 This study aimed to identify the factors driving NCHD health behaviours, assess the impact of workplace stress on NCHDs and evaluate initiatives which may improve the health behaviours of this new generation of doctors. It also assessed their standard of self-care and preferred sources of support.There have been few studies 1 , 9,10 worldwide focusing specifically on NCHD health behaviours and these were limited in terms of direct feedback from the doctors themselves. MethodologyA review of the literature revealed that there were no validated instruments that specifically addressed the study objectives. However, elements from previous studies 1,7,11,12 did contain similar components and these were adapted to facilitate comparisons. This resulted in the development of a 25-item survey, which aimed to assess current health behaviours, the impact of work-related stress and coping strategies, sources of support, training in self-care and stress management, and invited feedback in terms of possible solutions and interventions to improve NCHD wellbeing.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Practise what you preach: health behaviours and stress among non-consultant hospital doctors

Feeney

O’Brien²,

O’Keeffe³

et al. 2016

Clinical Medicine

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“…Possible explanations for these findings include the fact that time pressure may lead to changes in meal-preparation routines and that consuming a mostly non-core takeout meal saves time (Bevan & Reilly, 2011). Moreover, perceived stress may lead to reduced self-control with regard to food choices and food quantities, which will tend to promote a higher consumption of non-core foods (Groesz et al, 2011;Torres & Nowson, 2007).…”

Section: Correlates Of Stress: Individual Physical Activity Sedentarmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stress: Personal Matter or Family Affair? Intra- And Inter-Individual Relationships Between Stress, Physical Activity, Sedentary Behavior, and Nutrition

Reiner

Niermann²,

Krapf

et al. 2015

ijcyfs

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Individual health behavior, which is determined by individual motives, emotions, and cognitive processes, is embedded in a social environment. One of the most important social environments is the family. According to Family Reciprocal Determinism, stress perceived by one family member becomes part of the family environment and may affect interactions within the family, as well as the health behavior of all family members. This study investigated 214 families, each represented by a mother, a father, and one of their children. The aim of the study was to examine intra-and inter-individual relationships between perceived stress and three health behaviors: physical activity, leisure-time sedentary behavior, and food consumption. The results indicate that individually perceived stress is related to individual health behavior as well as the health behavior of other family members. However, these relationships vary among family members. The inter-individual analyses revealed that this effect is strongest for the relationship of mothers' stress to other family members' health behavior. Investigating the link between perceived stress and health behavior from a family perspective may be useful for understanding the relationship between stress and health.

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“…On the 358 other hand, it is also conceivable that the control condition might have unintentionally served as a 359 fourth experimental condition: the knowledge that eating of high-caloric food would be necessary as a 360 participant in the experiment, or having already consumed food in a condition preceding the control 361 condition, could have served as triggers for eating. Similarly, it is possible that the puzzles we used 362 caused boredom, ego depletion, stress, or feelings of disappointment or inadequacy, which could also 363 all act to induce overeating (Greeno & Wing, 1994;Groesz, et al, 2012;Havermans, Vancleef, 364 Heatherton, 2000). Even though we instructed our participants that they could make the puzzles at their 366 own leisure, and it did not matter how many they would finish, we cannot exclude the possibility that 367 participants set self-imposed goals on how many of the puzzles they wanted to complete, and perhaps 368 felt ego-depleted by the effort they put in, or disappointed when they did not reach this goal.…”

Section: Food Intake 307mentioning

confidence: 99%

‘Emotional’ does not even start to cover it: Generalization of overeating in emotional eaters

2016

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Based on recent studies indicating that emotional eating is not the clearly defined problem it is often 33 thought to be, the present study investigated whether emotional eaters overeat merely in response to 34 negative emotional cues, or to other cues as well. It was hypothesized that emotional eaters would 35 overeat after a variety of food cues, not limited to negative emotions. Participants took part in four 36 conditions (negative mood manipulation, positive mood manipulation, food exposure and a control 37 condition) divided over two sessions. Each condition was followed by a bogus taste test, after which 38 food intake was measured. Results showed strong correlations between food intake after all four 39 conditions, indicating that increased intake after one type of cue is related to increased intake after 40 other cues. Participants were identified as emotional or non-emotional eaters based on food intake in 41 the negative mood condition, and based on self-reported emotional eating scores. Both measures of 42 emotional eating were significantly related to food intake after all cues. Based on the current findings, 43we conclude that individuals who show increased food intake when in a negative emotional state also 44 overeat when experiencing other food-signalling cues. This indicates that 'emotional eating' may not 45 fully capture the eating behaviour of individuals currently identified as 'emotional eaters'. 46 47 48

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What is eating you? Stress and the drive to eat

Cited by 311 publications

References 36 publications

Practise what you preach: health behaviours and stress among non-consultant hospital doctors

Practise what you preach: health behaviours and stress among non-consultant hospital doctors

Stress: Personal Matter or Family Affair? Intra- And Inter-Individual Relationships Between Stress, Physical Activity, Sedentary Behavior, and Nutrition

‘Emotional’ does not even start to cover it: Generalization of overeating in emotional eaters

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