What Is Engagement? Proactivity as the Missing Link in the <scp>HEXACO</scp> Model of Personality

Vries, Reinout E. de; Wawoe, Kilian W.; Holtrop, Djurre

doi:10.1111/jopy.12150

Cited by 38 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 75 publications

(127 reference statements)

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“… The HEXACO-PI-R is a personality inventory consisting of 208 questions, measuring the traits that form the HEXACO acronym, i.e., Honesty-humility, Emotionality, eXtraversion, Agreeableness, Conscientiousness, and Openness to experience, each with 32 items (plus 16 additional items that measure two interstitial traits, i.e., Altruism and Proactivity;De Vries et al, 2016;Lee & Ashton, 2006).  The PASS (Solomon & Rothblum, 1984) is a 12-question procrastination questionnaire.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

College students’ motivation and study results after COVID-19 stay-at-home orders

Meeter¹,

Bele²,

Cd³

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, many institutions of higher education had to close their campuses and shift to online education. Here, we investigate how stay-at-home orders impacted students. We investigated results obtained by 15,125 bachelor students at a large Dutch research university during a semester in which the campus was closed and all education had shifted online. Moreover, we surveyed 166 students of the bachelor of psychology program of the same university. Results showed that students rated online education as less satisfactory than campus-based education, and rated their own motivation as having gone down. This was reflected in a lower time investment: lectures and small-group meetings were attended less frequently, and student estimates of hours studied went down. Lower motivation predicted this drop in effort. Moreover, a drop in motivation was related to fewer credits being obtained during stay-at-home orders. However, on average students reported obtaining slightly more credits than before, which was indeed found in an analysis of administered credits. In a qualitative analysis of student comments, it was found that students missed social interactions, but reported being much more efficient during online education. It is concluded that whereas student satisfaction and motivation dropped during the shift to online education, increased efficiency meant results were not lower than they would normally have been.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

College students’ motivation and study results after COVID-19 stay-at-home orders

Meeter¹,

Bele²,

Cd³

et al. 2020

Preprint

Self Cite

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“…The dataset, or parts of it, has been used in other studies (e.g. Allik, De Vries, & Realo, ; De Vries et al, ; De Vries, Wawoe, & Holtrop, 2016, Studies 1 and 4), but the dataset has not been used for the present purpose.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The total HEXACO Personality Inventory‐Revised thus consists of 200 items. The Proactivity interstitial facet, that has recently been added to the Dutch version (De Vries et al, 2016), was not included in this study. All items were answered on a 1 (strongly disagree) to 5 (strongly agree) rating scale.…”

Section: Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

Using Personality Item Characteristics to Predict Single–Item Internal Reliability, Retest Reliability, and Self–Other Agreement

2016

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The use of reliability estimates is increasingly scrutinized as scholars become more aware that test–retest stability and self–other agreement provide a better approximation of the theoretical and practical usefulness of an instrument than its internal reliability. In this study, we investigate item characteristics that potentially impact single‐item internal reliability, retest reliability, and self–other agreement. Across two large samples (N = 6690 and N = 4396), two countries (Estonia and The Netherlands), and two personality inventories (the NEO PI‐3 and the HEXACO‐PI‐R), results show that (i) item variance is a strong predictor of self–other agreement and retest reliability but not of single‐item internal reliability; (ii) item variance mediates the relations between evaluativeness and self–other agreement; and (iii) self–other agreement is predicted by observability and item domain. On the whole, weak relations between item length, negations, and item position (indicating effects of questionnaire length) on the one hand, and single‐item internal reliability, retest reliability, and self–other agreement on the other, were observed. In order to increase the predictive validity of personality scales, our findings suggest that during the construction of questionnaire items, researchers are advised to pay close attention especially to item variance, but also to evaluativeness and observability. Copyright © 2016 European Association of Personality Psychology

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“…These are also the three personality dimensions that have been found to be most strongly related to proactive personality (a.k.a. proactivity, see de Vries et al, 2016c ), which includes taking charge, networking, voice behaviors, and career initiative; behaviors that can only be expressed in social situations and that are viewed as indicating leader potential (Fuller and Marler, 2009 ). With respect to extraversion, especially social boldness may play a role.…”

Section: The Stoa Model Of Tnt Leadershipmentioning

confidence: 99%

Three Nightmare Traits in Leaders

Vries

2018

Front. Psychol.

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This review offers an integration of dark leadership styles with dark personality traits. The core of dark leadership consists of Three Nightmare Traits (TNT)—leader dishonesty, leader disagreeableness, and leader carelessness—that are conceptualized as contextualized personality traits aligned with respectively (low) honesty-humility, (low) agreeableness, and (low) conscientiousness. It is argued that the TNT, when combined with high extraversion and low emotionality, can have serious (“explosive”) negative consequences for employees and their organizations. A Situation-Trait-Outcome Activation (STOA) model is presented in which a description is offered of situations that are attractive to TNT leaders (situation activation), situations that activate TNT traits (trait activation), and the kinds of outcomes that may result from TNT behaviors (outcome activation). Subsequently, the TNT and STOA models are combined to offer a description of the organizational actions that may strengthen or weaken the TNT during six career stages: attraction, selection, socialization, production, promotion, and attrition. Except for mainly negative consequences of the TNT, possible positive consequences of TNT leadership are also explored, and an outline of a research program is offered that may provide answers to the most pressing questions in dark leadership research.

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What Is Engagement? Proactivity as the Missing Link in the HEXACO Model of Personality

Cited by 38 publications

References 75 publications

College students’ motivation and study results after COVID-19 stay-at-home orders

College students’ motivation and study results after COVID-19 stay-at-home orders

Using Personality Item Characteristics to Predict Single–Item Internal Reliability, Retest Reliability, and Self–Other Agreement

Three Nightmare Traits in Leaders

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