What is for Dinner? First Report of Human Blood in the Diet of the Hairy-Legged Vampire Bat Diphylla ecaudata

Ito, Fernanda; Bernard, Enrico; Torres, Rodrigo A.

doi:10.3161/15081109acc2016.18.2.017

Cited by 28 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…All three species within Desmodontinae have a highly specialized diet -they feed exclusively on blood from mammals and birds (Greenhall, Joermann, Schmidt, & Seidel, 1983;Greenhall & Schutt, 1996;Ito, Bernard, & Torres, 2016). Desmodus rotundus shows a preference for mammalian prey (Bobrowiec, Lemes, & Gribel, 2015;Voigt & Kelm, 2006), while Diphylla ecaudata and Diaemus youngi preferentially prey on birds (Costa, Oliveira, Fernandes, & Esberard, 2008;Greenhall, Schmidt, & Joermann, 1984).…”

Section: Loss Of Opn1sw Opsin Function In Desmodontinaementioning

confidence: 99%

Colour vision variation in leaf‐nosed bats (Phyllostomidae): Links to cave roosting and dietary specialization

et al. 2018

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Bats are a diverse radiation of mammals of enduring interest for understanding the evolution of sensory specialization. Colour vision variation among species has previously been linked to roosting preferences and echolocation form in the suborder Yinpterochiroptera, yet questions remain about the roles of diet and habitat in shaping bat visual ecology. We sequenced OPN1SW and OPN1LW opsin genes for 20 species of leaf-nosed bats (family Phyllostomidae; suborder Yangochiroptera) with diverse roosting and dietary ecologies, along with one vespertilionid species (Myotis lavali). OPN1LW genes appear intact for all species, and predicted spectral tuning of long-wavelength opsins varied among lineages. OPN1SW genes appear intact and under purifying selection for Myotis lavali and most phyllostomid bats, with two exceptions: (a) We found evidence of ancient OPN1SW pseudogenization in the vampire bat lineage, and loss-of-function mutations in all three species of extant vampire bats; (b) we additionally found a recent, independently derived OPN1SW pseudogene in Lonchophylla mordax, a cave-roosting species. These mutations in leaf-nosed bats are independent of the OPN1SW pseudogenization events previously reported in Yinpterochiropterans. Therefore, the evolution of monochromacy (complete colour blindness) has occurred in both suborders of bats and under various evolutionary drivers; we find independent support for the hypothesis that obligate cave roosting drives colour vision loss. We additionally suggest that haematophagous dietary specialization and corresponding selection on nonvisual senses led to loss of colour vision through evolutionary sensory trade-off. Our results underscore the evolutionary plasticity of opsins among nocturnal mammals.

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Section: Loss Of Opn1sw Opsin Function In Desmodontinaementioning

confidence: 99%

Colour vision variation in leaf‐nosed bats (Phyllostomidae): Links to cave roosting and dietary specialization

et al. 2018

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“…Stable isotope analyses of bat tissues have been commonly applied and can distinguish between domestic livestock and wildlife, but are unable to distinguish prey at the species level (Streicker & Allgeier, ; Voigt & Kelm, ). Other studies using DNA markers have been more specific, but failed to identify prey in large proportions of samples and used time‐consuming approaches that do not easily scale to large data sets (Bobrowiec, Lemes, & Gribel, ; Carter, Coen, Stenzler, & Lovette, ; Ito, Bernard, & Torres, ). This illustrates that while genetic approaches offer an attractive solution to reconstruct vampire bat diets with high specificity, existing methods have not yet reached a technical level that would make them cost‐effective and efficient for large‐scale applications.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Using DNA metabarcoding for simultaneous inference of common vampire bat diet and population structure

Bohmann

Gopalakrishnan

Nielsen

et al. 2018

Molecular Ecology Resources

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Metabarcoding diet analysis has become a valuable tool in animal ecology; however, co‐amplified predator sequences are not generally used for anything other than to validate predator identity. Exemplified by the common vampire bat, we demonstrate the use of metabarcoding to infer predator population structure alongside diet assessments. Growing populations of common vampire bats impact human, livestock and wildlife health in Latin America through transmission of pathogens, such as lethal rabies viruses. Techniques to determine large‐scale variation in vampire bat diet and bat population structure would empower locality‐ and species‐specific projections of disease transmission risks. However, previously used methods are not cost‐effective and efficient for large‐scale applications. Using bloodmeal and faecal samples from common vampire bats from coastal, Andean and Amazonian regions of Peru, we showcase metabarcoding as a scalable tool to assess vampire bat population structure and feeding preferences. Dietary metabarcoding was highly effective, detecting vertebrate prey in 93.2% of the samples. Bats predominantly preyed on domestic animals, but fed on tapirs at one Amazonian site. In addition, we identified arthropods in 9.3% of samples, likely reflecting consumption of ectoparasites. Using the same data, we document mitochondrial geographic population structure in the common vampire bat in Peru. Such simultaneous inference of vampire bat diet and population structure can enable new insights into the interplay between vampire bat ecology and disease transmission risks. Importantly, the methodology can be incorporated into metabarcoding diet studies of other animals to couple information on diet and population structure.

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“…Individuals become passive and docile victims after falling asleep following intense work activity during the day. This is similar to the behavior of herd animals, which are favored targets of vampire bats, as they seek abundant prey and tend to remain in the same place for prolonged periods to feed [15,16].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 73%

Crab fisherman communities in north Brazil: a new high risk population for vampire bat rabies

Silva

Andrade

Cardoso

et al. 2019

Preprint

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19An outbreak of human rabies transmitted by hematophagous bats occurred in 2018 in the 20 state of Pará, Brazil, eastern Amazon, after 14 years with no record of the disease. It is 21 necessary to understand the epidemiological characteristics of these attacks to protect the 22 local population. This study aimed to characterize attacks of humans by vampire bats in 23 the municipality of São João da Ponta, Pará state, Brazil, from 2013 to 2015. All 24 individuals attacked by bats who sought medical care during the study period (n=5) were 25 identified in the Notifiable Diseases Information System (SINAN) database and answered 26 a questionnaire about the circumstances of the attack. Using snowball sampling, seed 27 cases identified other individuals who were attacked in the same period but did not seek 28 medical care (n=61), totalizing 66 people attacked in the same period. The interviewees 29 were male (92.4%), adults between 20 and 50 years old (69.6%) and had completed 30 elementary education (86.3%). Most were rural residents (92.4%) and crab fishermen 31 (79.3%). The interviewees (92.4%) identified the mangrove of the Mãe Grande de Curuçá 32 extractive reserve as an area conducive to attacks by vampire bats, where groups of 33 fishermen sometimes concentrate for days for crab fishing, often living in improvised 34 dwellings without walls and covered by tarps or straw (88.8%). The wounds were single 35 bites (71.2%) and were located on the lower limbs (93.9%). Overall, 42.4% of participants 36 had been bitten more than four times throughout their life (range 1-23 attacks). 37Participants were unaware of the risk of contracting rabies by the bite (95.4%). Using São 38 João da Ponta as a model, this study shows that bat attacks are an essentially occupational 39 problem in the study region. Indeed, for each reported attack, there are 12.2 unreported 40 cases. It is necessary to develop strategies to reach this population for prophylactic 41 treatment. 42 43 Author Summary 44 45 Different from which occurs worldwide in relation to rabies transmission, in Amazon 46 region, vampire bat is involved on direct transmission of rabies virus to humans when 47 searching for bloodmeal. It is common in the state of Pará, Eastern Amazon, large areas 48 inhabited near forests and mangroves. People living there use forest natural resources as 49 a way of income and sustenance and these working conditions is what our study points 50 out as an important factor for aggressions predisposition. Here this subject is shown as an 51 occupational problem. This study also quantified for the first time underreported human's 52 aggressions by bats in Amazon, using the snowball sampling, which valued the 53 relationship between individuals to reach the target population. Based on these results, 54 rabies surveillance may direct actions for prevention and health education for these 55 individuals, including changes in notifications forms and suggesting pre-exposure 56 prophylaxis in vaccination calendar of the Brazilian Ministry of Health...

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What is for Dinner? First Report of Human Blood in the Diet of the Hairy-Legged Vampire Bat Diphylla ecaudata

Cited by 28 publications

References 22 publications

Colour vision variation in leaf‐nosed bats (Phyllostomidae): Links to cave roosting and dietary specialization

Colour vision variation in leaf‐nosed bats (Phyllostomidae): Links to cave roosting and dietary specialization

Using DNA metabarcoding for simultaneous inference of common vampire bat diet and population structure

Crab fisherman communities in north Brazil: a new high risk population for vampire bat rabies

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