What Is Fusarium Head Blight (FHB) Resistance and What Are Its Food Safety Risks in Wheat? Problems and Solutions—A Review

Mesterhazy, Akos

doi:10.3390/toxins16010031

Cited by 10 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 145 publications

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“…It is well noted that when humidity is favorable (Ma et al 2019), infection can occur any time after starting of anthesis in bread wheat (Mesterhazy 2020(Mesterhazy , 2024), but owering is the growth stage most susceptible to Fusarium infection (Miedaner et al 2021). In the present investigation, we used an arti cial infection-environment experiments designed to better understand the role of variable postanthesis moisture patterns on FHB development.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Gautam and Dill-Macky (2012) found similar ndings for F. graminearum isolates on bread wheat cultivars exhibiting various resistance levels. Therefore, it is hypothesized that there must be other factors besides toxins which participate to isolate aggressiveness (Mesterhazy 2020(Mesterhazy , 2024.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Fusarium graminearum and F. culmorum are the most prevalent causative agents of FHB; however, F. crookwellense, F. pseudograminearum, F. tricinctum, F. avenaceum or F. cerealis, F. equiseti, F. acuminatum, F. solani, F. langsethiae, F. poae , and F. sporotrichioides have all been reported globally, and have great diversities in mycotoxin production and disease potential within and across species (Toth et al 2020). The pathogenic diversity of Fusarium species has been well known and proven in subsequent investigations (Mesterhazy 2024). Almost all strains they analyzed were pathogenic (Sakr 2022) in spite of high diversity in aggressiveness (Xue et al 2019).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…Heavy dew high humidity, and frequent rainfall that coincide with the duration of crop vulnerability, which expands from anthesis to the soft dough stage of grain growth, promote invasion (Fernando et al 2021). Under these favorable conditions, Fusarium spores germinate and the germ tubes grow into spike tissues (Mesterhazy 2024). Moisture in the form of relative humidity or rainfall, during or shortly after owering, has been associated to higher FHB incidences, Type I and FHB severities, Type II (Rohacik and Hudec 2005).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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RETRACTED: Fusarium development in bread wheat heads under variable humidity conditions

Sakr,

Kurdali,

Attar

et al. 2024

Preprint

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Pathogenic models and actual resistance and for analyzing Fusarium head blight (FHB) levels in bread wheat are relied based on environmental conditions near flowering, and breeding for resistance to FHB pathogens generally depends on irrigation before and shortly after anthesis to promote disease development. However, some reports investigated the effects of post-anthesis weather on FHB growth in bread heads. To elucidate this, the effect of moisture on the development of FHB in three bread wheat cultivars of contrasting susceptibility to FHB disease and infected with 16 fungal isolates of diverse aggressiveness of four different fungal species was examined. A pot experiment under natural climatic conditions during the growing season 2022/2023 was designed as split-split-plot with five replicates. Main plots were durations of spray-irrigation of 0, 7, 14, 21, and 28 days; sub-plots were bread wheat cultivars; and sub-sub-plots were the isolates of four Fusarium species with contrasting aggressiveness. Incidence and severity of FHB was determined 21 days after inoculation, and Fusarium-damaged kernel (FDK) percentages were assessed on harvested grain. No significant differences were observed between treatments receiving the least amount of spray-irrigation (0 and 7 days of spray), suggesting that extended moisture enhances disease development and augments grain fungus colonization. 21 or 28 days of spray had the similar impact and were linked with an augmentation in average DI and DS compared with 0 or 7 days of spray, and 14 days of spray was also associated with an increase in means of these pathogenic criteria. Mean FDK percentages at 21 or 28 days of spray were the same and significantly higher than FDK percentages under 0 and 7 days of spray, and 14 days of spray was also linked with an augmentation in mean of FDK. This is the first report to show that extended post-flowering humidity can have a significant enhancing impact on DI, DS and FDK upon infection with F. culmorum, F. solani, F. verticillioides, and F. equiseti, and is in accordance with earlier investiagtions carried out with bread wheat infected with F. graminearum.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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RETRACTED: Fusarium development in bread wheat heads under variable humidity conditions

Sakr,

Kurdali,

Attar

et al. 2024

Preprint

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“…Previous studies have speculated on the negative correlation between FHB severity, plant height, and anther exclusion. It has been suggested that tall genotypes without anthers could have some level of resistance against FHB [ 87 , 88 , 89 , 90 , 91 ]. Recent studies have uncovered the underlying mechanism of glutathione S-transferase (GST) encoded by Fhb7.…”

Section: Important Unresolved Questionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Update on the Basic Understanding of Fusarium graminearum Virulence Factors in Common Wheat Research

Buttar,

Cheng,

Wei

et al. 2024

Plants

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Wheat is one of the most important food crops, both in China and worldwide. Wheat production is facing extreme stresses posed by different diseases, including Fusarium head blight (FHB), which has recently become an increasingly serious concerns. FHB is one of the most significant and destructive diseases affecting wheat crops all over the world. Recent advancements in genomic tools provide a new avenue for the study of virulence factors in relation to the host plants. The current review focuses on recent progress in the study of different strains of Fusarium infection. The presence of genome-wide repeat-induced point (RIP) mutations causes genomic mutations, eventually leading to host plant susceptibility against Fusarium invasion. Furthermore, effector proteins disrupt the host plant resistance mechanism. In this study, we proposed systematic modification of the host genome using modern biological tools to facilitate plant resistance against foreign invasion. We also suggested a number of scientific strategies, such as gene cloning, developing more powerful functional markers, and using haplotype marker-assisted selection, to further improve FHB resistance and associated breeding methods.

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Rapid estimation of DON content in wheat flour using close‐range hyperspectral imaging and machine learning

Saini,

Rana,

Halder

et al. 2024

The Plant Phenome Journal

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Fusarium head blight (FHB) is one of the most destructive fungal diseases affecting wheat (Triticum aestivum). Moreover, it is notorious for producing mycotoxin deoxynivalenol (DON), posing a significant global threat to food and feed safety. Traditional methods like enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and gas chromatography‐mass spectrometry (GC‐MS) are commonly used to assess DON levels in grain or flour samples and are time‐consuming and expensive. Therefore, a faster, cost‐effective method to estimate DON content is needed, especially for enhancing breeding efforts to reduce DON levels in wheat. In this study, we envisioned integrating close‐range hyperspectral imaging with deep learning (DL) models to estimate DON content in wheat meal/flour. We selected 243 advanced breeding lines from the South Dakota State University (SDSU) wheat breeding program that were evaluated in FHB nurseries (2019–2020 and 2020–2021). The wheat meal samples were analyzed for DON content using GC‐MS and subsequently subjected to close‐range hyperspectral imaging. We evaluated three conventional machine learning (ML), two DL models and data augmentation. Among the conventional ML models, partial least squares regression (PLSR) (with R2P = 0.88 and 0.90 for original and augmented datasets, respectively) demonstrated the highest prediction accuracies for DON content. However, the one‐dimensional convolutional neural network (1D‐CNN) achieved the highest prediction accuracies (R2P = 0.90 and = 0.96 for original and augmented datasets, respectively) compared to all tested models and demonstrated the lowest error. In conclusion, integration of advanced hyperspectral imaging with ML approaches exhibits significant potential for high‐throughput and cost‐effective estimation of DON content in wheat, thereby accelerating wheat breeding efforts for reduced DON levels.

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What Is Fusarium Head Blight (FHB) Resistance and What Are Its Food Safety Risks in Wheat? Problems and Solutions—A Review

Cited by 10 publications

References 145 publications

RETRACTED: Fusarium development in bread wheat heads under variable humidity conditions

RETRACTED: Fusarium development in bread wheat heads under variable humidity conditions

Update on the Basic Understanding of Fusarium graminearum Virulence Factors in Common Wheat Research

Rapid estimation of DON content in wheat flour using close‐range hyperspectral imaging and machine learning

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