What is “grazing”? Reviewing its definition, frequency, clinical characteristics, and impact on bariatric surgery outcomes, and proposing a standardized definition

Conceição, Eva; Mitchell, James E.; Engel, Scott G.; Machado, Paulo P. P.; Lancaster, Kathryn; Wonderlich, Stephen A.

doi:10.1016/j.soard.2014.05.002

Cited by 101 publications

(115 citation statements)

References 40 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Compounding these general measurement issues, individuals presenting for BS may feel compelled to conceal binge eating problems due to concerns about being rejected for BS or having to complete additional pre-surgical requirements (e.g., counseling). Moreover, until recently, the assessment of binge eating in BS samples was primarily constrained to OBE only, and therefore failed to consider that post-BS patients may continue to experience LOC over smaller amounts of food (e.g., while grazing (13) ). Indeed, LOC as conceptualized in this manner appears to predict poorer longer-term outcomes (5) ; however, the impact of BS on the quality and quantity of binge eating episodes has heretofore been largely under-explored (14) .…”

Section: Operationalization and Assessment Of Binge Eatingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Conceptualizing and studying binge and loss of control eating in bariatric surgery patients—time for a paradigm shift?

Goldschmidt

Conceição

Thomas

et al. 2016

Surgery for Obesity and Related Diseases

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Section: Operationalization and Assessment Of Binge Eatingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Conceptualizing and studying binge and loss of control eating in bariatric surgery patients—time for a paradigm shift?

Goldschmidt

Conceição

Thomas

et al. 2016

Surgery for Obesity and Related Diseases

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

“…Snacking is characterised by frequent assumption of snacks in between meals in a person who generally eats at fast foods [19, 20]. Grazing is the repeated “consumption of smaller amounts of food over an extended period of time with an accompanying sense of a lack of control over this eating” [21–24]. Binge is characterised by the loss of control of food intake, mood dysregulation and body shape concern [25, 26].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The relationship between emotional regulation and eating behaviour: a multidimensional analysis of obesity psychopathology

et al. 2016

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

PurposeThe aim of this study is to show that the differences among eating behaviours are related to the emotional dysregulation connected to the mental dimensions being part of the obese psychopathology. Eating behaviours can be considered a diagnostic feature at the initial screening for determining the obesity treatment: nutritional or bariatric surgery. Methods1828 Obese subjects underwent psychiatric assessment before entering obesity nutritional treatment or bariatric surgery following the multidisciplinary programme. 1121 subjects were selected and enrolled in this study: 850 were inpatients visited or hospitalised at the Obesity Centre or at the Bariatric Surgery Units, 271 were outpatients visited at the Eating Disorder and Obesity Unit. Psychiatric examination was used to exclude psychiatric disorders and investigate eating behaviours distinguished on the basis of food intake rhythm in: gorging, snacking, grazing and binge. They are related to the mental dimensions: impulsiveness, body image, mood and anxiety, taking part in the emotional regulation system. Specific psychometric tools were used to investigate the different mental dimensions of the single eating behaviours and their differences. Statistical analysis of the psychopathological features was performed using ANOVA, ANCOVA, Levene test, Bonferroni’s and Tamhane post hoc test. Significance was set at p < 0.05. ResultsData analysis shows significant differences of psychopathology among all the eating behaviours and an increase in the emotional dysregulation determining maladaptive behaviours.DiscussionEating behaviours are connected to the balance of the different features of mental dimensions implicated in the emotional regulation system. They could provide significant clinical information and therefore be part of the obesity diagnostic criteria and therapeutic programme.

show abstract

“…Other eating abnormalities that have been studied in bariatric surgery samples include “picking and nibbling” or “grazing,” i.e., the consumption of small amounts of food at frequent intervals, 16,17 as well as traditional eating disorders, such as anorexia nervosa or bulimia nervosa, which may involve the use of compensatory methods to prevent or limit weight gain. Although anecdotal reports suggest that features of eating disorders such as unhealthy dietary restriction, heightened concern with body shape or weight, and the use of compensatory methods may occur following surgery, prevalence data are not yet available.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Eating pathology and experience and weight loss in a prospective study of bariatric surgery patients: 3‐year follow‐up

Devlin

King

Kalarchian

et al. 2016

Intl J Eating Disorders

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Objective Bariatric surgery results in significant long-term weight loss, albeit with considerable variability. This study examines the prognostic significance of eating pathology as determined by a structured interview, the Eating Disorder Examination-Bariatric Surgery Version (EDE-BSV). Method Participants (N=183) in this sub-study of the Longitudinal Assessment of Bariatric Surgery (LABS) Research Consortium were assessed using the EDE-BSV, independent of clinical care, pre-surgery and annually post-surgery. We examined eating pathology and experiences at several frequency thresholds (present, ≥ monthly, ≥ weekly) over 3 years, and utilized mixed models to test their associations with percentage weight loss from baseline at years 1, 2 and 3. Results The prevalence of several forms of eating pathology declined pre- to 1-year post-surgery, including ≥ weekly objective bulimic episodes (11.6% to 1.3%), loss of control (LOC) eating (18.3% to 6.2%) and picking/nibbling (36.0% to 20.2%) (p for all<.01), and regular evening hyperphagia (16.5% to 5.0%, p=.01), but not cravings (p=.93). Mean EDE global score, and hunger and enjoyment scores, also declined (p for all<.01). These metrics remained lower than baseline through year-3 (p for all<.01). Pre-surgery eating variables were not related to weight loss (p for all≥.05). However, post-surgery higher EDE global score and greater hunger were independently associated with less weight loss post-surgery (p for both≤.01), while cravings were associated with greater weight loss (p=.03). Conclusion Pathological eating behaviors and experiences are common pre-surgery and improve markedly following surgery. Post-surgery pathological eating-related experiences and attitudes and hunger may contribute to suboptimal weight loss.

show abstract

What is “grazing”? Reviewing its definition, frequency, clinical characteristics, and impact on bariatric surgery outcomes, and proposing a standardized definition

Cited by 101 publications

References 40 publications

Conceptualizing and studying binge and loss of control eating in bariatric surgery patients—time for a paradigm shift?

Conceptualizing and studying binge and loss of control eating in bariatric surgery patients—time for a paradigm shift?

The relationship between emotional regulation and eating behaviour: a multidimensional analysis of obesity psychopathology

Eating pathology and experience and weight loss in a prospective study of bariatric surgery patients: 3‐year follow‐up

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About