What is Known About the Antiviral Agents Active Against Bovine Viral Diarrhea Virus (BVDV)?

Abstract

Viruses belonging to the Flaviviridae family cause clinically significant diseases in humans and animals. This family includes three genera: Pestivirus [including bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV)], Flavivirus [including yellow fever virus (YFV), dengue virus, and West Nile virus (WNV)], and Hepacivirus [including hepatitis C virus (HCV)]. BVDV is responsible for major losses in cattle, causing a range of clinical manifestations, and is also a problematic contaminant in the laboratory. Noncytopathic BVDV infection can remain unnoticed and infect laboratory cell lines through its presence in contaminated bovine serum used in cell culture. BVDV is considered to be a valuable surrogate virus model for identifying and characterizing antiviral agents to be used against HCV. In some aspects of viral replication, BVDV is more advantageous than the currently used HCV replicon systems. In this review, we report the design, synthesis, and activity against BVDV of a series of compounds assayed until now.

Novel 1-indanone Thiosemicarbazone Antiviral Candidates: Aqueous Solubilization and Physical Stabilization by Means of Cyclodextrins

“…Since then, TSCs displaying antineoplastic (12), antibacterial (13), antifungal (14), antiprotozoal (15) and antiviral (16) activity have been reported. Moglioni et al designed novel 1-indanone TSC candidate drugs that have shown in vitro activity against viruses, bacteria and fungi (17)(18)(19)(20). For example, 5,6-dimethoxy-1-indanone TSC (Fig.…”

“…For example, 5,6-dimethoxy-1-indanone TSC (Fig. 1a) displayed a 7-fold increase in the selectivity index against the virus of the bovine viral diarrhea (BVDV), a surrogate model of the hepatitis C virus (HCV), with respect to ribavirin (17,20); ribavirin is the first-choice anti-HCV agent combined with pegylated interferon-alpha. However, TSCs display extremely low aqueous solubility and precipitate rapidly in the culture medium, leading to unreliable antiviral half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC 50 ) data (17).…”

Inhibition of Bovine Viral Diarrhea Virus RNA Synthesis by Thiosemicarbazone Derived from 5,6-Dimethoxy-1-Indanone

“…In a previous study we reported on the synthesis and antiviral activity of a series of 1-indanone thiosemicarbazone derivatives as well as the effect of the substituents in the aromatic ring and of the thiosemicarbazone group on their activity (18,19). In the present study we characterized the antiviral activity of the most active derivative, TSC, which showed highly selective activity against BVDV by blocking the viral RNA synthesis in cell culture and in isolated BVDV RCs.…”

“…Previously, we reported on the anti-BVDV activity exerted by the thiosemicarbazone derived from 5,6-dimethoxy-1-indanone (TSC) (18,19). Here, we describe a further characterization of the antiviral activity of TSC.…”

Antiviral Activity of Bacillus sp. Isolated from the Marine Sponge Petromica citrina against Bovine Viral Diarrhea Virus, a Surrogate Model of the Hepatitis C Virus

“…The bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV), a member of the Flaviviridae family (genus Pestivirus ), shares similarities with HCV (genus Hepacivirus , Flaviviridae family) in terms of their replication cycles, biology and genetic organization, and shows the functionally homologous nature of many of their gene products, which are considered to be major targets for the development of anti-HCV agents [10]. …”