What Is Memory-Guided Attention? How Past Experiences Shape Selective Visuospatial Attention in the Present

Chen, Danlei; Hutchinson, J. Benjamin

doi:10.1007/7854_2018_76

“…Lower visuospatial and executive scores positively correlated with cortical thickness in the inferior parietal cortex, superior temporal gyrus, superior frontal gyrus, and inferior precentral cortex, which are located in the visuospatial attention network (33). Right hippocampal volume positively correlated with visuospatial and executive score, which is consistent with a previous review (34).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Cortical Damage Associated With Cognitive and Motor Impairment in Hereditary Spastic Paraplegia: Evidence of a Novel SPAST Mutation

Lin

¹

,

Zheng

²

,

Ma

³

et al. 2020

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To determine the cortical mechanism that underlies the cognitive impairment and motor disability in hereditary spastic paraplegia (HSP), nine HSP patients from a Chinese family were examined using clinical evaluation, cognitive screening, and genetic testing. Controls were matched healthy subjects. White-matter fractional anisotropy (FA), mean diffusivity (MD), axial diffusivity (AD), and radial diffusivity (RD; tract-based spatial statistics), cortical thickness (FreeSurfer), and subcortical gray matter (FIRST) based on T1-weighted MRI and diffusion tensor imaging were analyzed. A novel mutation in the SPAST gene (NM_014946.3, c.1321+2T>C) was detected. Patients had motor disability and low Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) scores. Patients showed significantly decreased total gray-and white-matter volumes, corpus callosum volume, cortical thickness, and subcortical gray-matter volume as well as significantly lower FA and AD values and significantly higher MD and RD values in the corpus callosum and corticospinal tract. Cortical thickness, subcortical gray-matter volume, and MoCA score were negatively correlated with disease duration. Cortical thickness in the right inferior frontal cortex was negatively correlated with Spastic Paraplegia Rating Scale score. Cortical thickness and right hippocampus volume were positively correlated with the MoCA score and subscores. In conclusion, brain damage is not restricted to the white matter in SPG4-HSP patients, and widespread gray-matter damage may account for the disease progression, cognitive impairment, and disease severity in SPG4-HSP.

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“…Perceptual processing can be defined as any of the operations that must be performed in order to select, encode, and identify stimuli transmitted to the brain from the external world via the sensory systems (Broadbent, 1958;Schneider & Shiffrin, 1977;Treisman, 1969). Although these operations are undeniably guided by memory and influenced by conscious attention (see e.g., Chen & Hutchinson, 2018), evidence suggests that they largely rely on their own "pools" of resources that are separable from each other and from the resource pool that subserves higher-order functions like cognitive control (Alais, Morrone, & Burr, 2006;Alais, Newell, & Mamassian, 2010;Arrighi, Lunardi, & Burr, 2011;Duncan, Martens, & Ward, 1997;Franconeri et al, 2013;Marois & Ivanoff, 2005;Winkler, Czigler, Sussman, Horváth, & Balázs, 2005). Furthermore, a growing body of literature suggests that perceptual resource requirements and cognitive resource requirements have independent and largely opposite effects on attentional selection processes (Lavie, 1995;Lavie, Hirst, de Fockert, & Viding, 2004;Murphy, Groeger, & Greene, 2016).…”

Section: What Is Perceptual Load?mentioning

confidence: 99%

Modality-Specific Effects of Perceptual Load in Multimedia Processing

Fisher

¹

,

Hopp

²

,

Weber

³

2019

MaC

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Digital media are sensory-rich, multimodal, and often highly interactive. An extensive collection of theories and models within the field of media psychology assume the multimodal nature of media stimuli, yet there is current ambiguity as to the independent contributions of visual and auditory content to message complexity and to resource availability in the human processing system. In this article, we argue that explicating the concepts of perceptual and cognitive load can create progress toward a deeper understanding of modality-specific effects in media processing. In addition, we report findings from an experiment showing that perceptual load leads to modality-specific reductions in resource availability, whereas cognitive load leads to a modality-general reduction in resource availability. We conclude with a brief discussion regarding the critical importance of separating modality-specific forms of load in an increasingly multisensory media environment.

show abstract

“…Perceptual processing can be defined as any of the operations that must be performed in order to select, encode, and identify stimuli transmitted to the brain from the external world via the sensory systems (Broadbent, 1958;Schneider & Shiffrin, 1977;Treisman, 1969). Although these operations are undeniably guided by memory and influenced by conscious attention (see e.g., Chen & Hutchinson, 2018), evidence suggests that they largely rely on their own "pools" of resources that are separable from each other and from the resource pool that subserves higher-order functions like cognitive control (Alais, Morrone, & Burr, 2006;Alais, Newell, & Mamassian, 2010;Arrighi, Lunardi, & Burr, 2011;Duncan, Martens, & Ward, 1997;Franconeri et al, 2013;Marois & Ivanoff, 2005;Winkler, Czigler, Sussman, Horváth, & Balázs, 2005). Furthermore, a growing body of literature suggests that perceptual resource requirements and cognitive resource requirements have independent and largely opposite effects on attentional selection processes (Lavie, 1995;Lavie, Hirst, de Fockert, & Viding, 2004;Murphy, Groeger, & Greene, 2016).…”

Section: What Is Perceptual Load?mentioning

confidence: 99%

Modality-Speciﬁc Effects of Perceptual Load in Multimedia Processing

Fisher¹,

Hopp²,

Weber³

2019

Preprint

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Digital media are sensory-rich, multimodal, and often highly interactive. An extensive collection of theories and models within the ﬁeld of media psychology assume the multimodal nature of media stimuli, yet there is current ambiguity as to the independent contributions of visual and auditory content to message complexity and to resource availability in the human processing system. In this manuscript, we argue that explicating the concepts of perceptual and cognitive load can create progress toward a deeper understanding of modality-speciﬁc effects in media processing. In addition, we report ﬁndings from an experiment showing that perceptual load leads to modality-speciﬁc reductions in resource availability, whereas cognitive load leads to a modality-general reduction in resource availability. We conclude with a brief discussion regarding the critical importance of separating modality-speciﬁc forms of load in an increasingly multisensory media environment.

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What Is Memory-Guided Attention? How Past Experiences Shape Selective Visuospatial Attention in the Present

Cited by 10 publications

References 148 publications

Cortical Damage Associated With Cognitive and Motor Impairment in Hereditary Spastic Paraplegia: Evidence of a Novel SPAST Mutation

Cortical Damage Associated With Cognitive and Motor Impairment in Hereditary Spastic Paraplegia: Evidence of a Novel SPAST Mutation

Modality-Specific Effects of Perceptual Load in Multimedia Processing

Modality-Speciﬁc Effects of Perceptual Load in Multimedia Processing

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